被动语态 + 练习 2022-2023学年人教版英语九年级全册

语态问题讲解 主动语态：主语和谓语是主动关系，即主语是动作的执行者。 Everybody respects him. 人人都尊敬他。 被动语态：主语和谓语是被动关系，即主语是动作的承受者。由“be + 过去分词”构成，由by表现出来。 He is respected by everyone. 他受到大家的尊重。 The supermarket is run by a young lady. 这家超市是一位年轻的女士经营的。 哪些动词可用于被动语态 （1） 一般说来及物动词可用于被动语态，因为及物动词有宾语，把宾语变为主语，句子即可改为被动结构： Someone broke the window. / The window was broken. Judia painted a picture. / The picture was painted by Judia. （2） 不及物动词若与介词结合，这时就可以有宾语，因而也就可以用于被动结构： He operated on her yesterday. / She was operated on yesterday. 各时态的被动语态 （1） 一般现在时的被动语态——am，is或者are + 过去分词 I am given a lot of work to do. You are asked to give us a talk in English. （2） 一般过去时的被动语态——was/ were + 过去分词 This book was written by Dickens. She was brought up by her aunt. （3） 一般将来时的被动语态——will be + 过去分词 I will be allowed to go with you. The project will be completed in two days. （4） 现在进行时的被动语态——am, is 或者are + being+ 过去分词 The road is being repaired. The case is being investigated. （5） 过去进行时的被动语态——was/ were + being +过去分词 He was being looked after by his sister. The troops were being inspected by the president. （6） 现在完成时的被动语态——have/ has + been +过去分词 My brother has been sent to work in Tibet. She hasn’t been told about it yet. 主动语态变被动语态应注意的问题 1. 有些短语动词相当于及物动词，变为被动句时介词或副词不能去掉。 They put off the meeting because of the weather. The meeting was put off because of weather. 2. 含有双宾语的主动句变为被动句时，通常把指“人”的间接宾语变为主语，指“物“的直接宾语保留不变；如果把指“物”的直接宾语变为主语，则在间接宾语前加to 或 for. My aunt gave me an e-dictionary yesterday. I was given an e-dictionary yesterday. An e-dictionary was given to me yesterday. 3. 主动句中感官动词see/ hear/ watch/ feel等和使役动词make/ let/ have等后跟省略to的动词不定式，变为被动语态时应加上不定式符号to. I saw a heavy man enter the house. A heavy man was seen to enter the house. 4. 系动词、不及物或某些短语(happen, take place, come true, consist of, belong)没有被动语态。 What happened to Mr. Brown? 单项选择题 ( ) 1. My brother and I have ______ her birthday party. A. been invited B. been invited for C. invited to D. been invited to ( ) 2. The sports me