09 基本句子结构(陈述、疑问、祈使、感叹)-2023年暑假新七年级英语知识抢先学(通用版)

陈述句、疑问句、祈使句与感叹句 1、陈述句 说明事实或陈述说话人观点的句子。基本结构：主语＋谓语＋其他 1）肯定陈述句 We all like pandas very much. 2）否定陈述句 He doesn’t do housework at weekends 3）肯定陈述句改否定陈述句 ①一般是在be动词或情态动词后加not。 Mary was at school yesterday. —> Mary was not at school yesterday. I can make a model plane. —>I can not make a model plane. ②不含be动词或情态动词的，行为动词前要用助动词的否定式（don’t，doesn’t，didn’t），后面跟动词的原形。 He likes drawing pictures.—>He doesn’t like drawing pictures. I went to the park yesterday. —>I didn’t go to the park yesterday. 4）陈述句改一般疑问句 ①有be动词或情态动词的，把be动词或情态动词提前。 Mary was at school yesterday. —> Was Mary at school yesterday? I can make a model plane. —> Can you make a model plane? ②不含be动词或情态动词的句子，借助助动词开头，动词还原成原形。 He likes drawing pictures.—>Does he like drawing pictures. I went to the park yesterday. —>Did you go to the park yesterday? 2、祈使句 表示请求或命令别人做某事或不做某事。 1）用于第二人称，通常省略you。 ①肯定祈使句：Open the door, please. ②否定祈使句：Don’t be late again. 2）用于第一人称和第三人称，通常以let（let后跟宾格）或shall开头。 Let me have a look. Let’s play a game now. Let him go home now. Shall we meet at one thirty in front of the Garden Theatre? 3、感叹句 表达喜怒哀乐等强烈感情，句尾常用感叹号（!），语气用降调。 1）what + 名词或名词性短语 What a big garden (it is)! What an interesting storybook (it is) ! What lovely weather (it is)! What pretty girls (they are)! 2）how +形容词或副词＋主语＋动词 How nice! How beautiful the flowers are! How tall Yao Ming is! 4.疑问句：用来提出问题，询问情况的句子，末尾用问号。 （1）一般疑问句：一般疑问句常用来询问一件事是否属实，通常以be动词，助动词或情态动词开头，用yes或no来回答，因此又叫是非疑问句，通常读升调。 （1）—Is Mr Green from the UK? —Yes，he is. / No，he isn’t. （2）—Do you have any hobbies? —Yes，I do. / No，I don’t. （3）—Can you play the guitar? —Yes，I can. / No，I can’t. （2）特殊疑问句：以特殊疑问词引导，要求回答具体问题，不能用yes或no来回答。 例如：—How do you go to work every day? —I go to work by car. （3）选择疑问句：提供两种或两种以上情况，让对方选择，往往用or连接。 例如：—Would you like some tea or coffee? —Some coffee, please. （4）反意疑问句：反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成。 例如：—It’s a fine day, isn’t it? — Yes ,it is. 1. Many flowers grow in the garden. Many bees and butterflies fly around. _______ the school ga