状语从句讲义-2023届高考英语一轮复习

2023届高三英语一轮复习语法教学案 专题四：状语从句 执笔人：李雨欣 1、 主语从句的定义和功能 1.状语从句 （Adverbial Clause） 是指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。状语从句可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。 状语从句根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。 2.找出下列句子中的状语从句，并且指出其中的状语在句子中充当什么成分。 （1）I didn’t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult. （2） Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible. （3） My friends dislike me because I’m handsome and successful. （4） The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly. （5） To such a degree was he excited that he couldn’t sleep last night. （6） Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here. （7） The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough. （8） The more you exercise, the healthier you will be. （9） Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us. 二、状语从句类型 一、时间状语从句 （1）常用引导词：when（在…时）, as（当…时）, while（在…期间）, before（在…之前）, after（在...之后）, since（自从...以来） , not...until（直到…才）until/till(直到…时）等 特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day，the instant（ 瞬间，顷刻）, immediately , directly（不久，立即）, no sooner … than（一...就...）, hardly …when（刚一...就...） , scarcely … when（刚...就.../一...就...）,as soon as(一…就…)。 TIPS：当用no sooner … than，hardly …when，scarcely … when作为引导词的时候，从句要部分倒装 2、 地点状语从句 常用引导词：where特殊引导词：wherever, anywhere, everywhere. 3、 目的状语从句 常用引导词：so that, in order that特殊引导词：lest, in case, for fear that，in the hope that, for the purpose of , to the end that 4、 原因状语从句 常用引导词：because, since, as,特殊引导词：seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that. 5、 结果状语从句 常用引导词：so … that, such … that, so that...特殊引导词：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that, 6、 让步状语从句 常用引导词：though, although, even if, even though特殊引导词： as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)，while ( 一般用在句首 )，no matter …， in spite of the fact that, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever 7、 方式状语从句 常用引导词：as, as if特殊引导词：the way 8、 比较状