话题提分练11 必修4 Unit 1 Women of achievemen-【赢在微点】2024高考英语大一轮复习顶层设计核心微练word（老高考）人教版

话题提分练11　必修4　Unit 1 人物 限时40分钟 阅读理解　体裁:记叙文　话题:对社会有突出贡献的人物　难度:★★☆☆☆ 　　Born in a small town near Shanghai, Chien⁃Shiung Wu attended a school started by her father, who believed in education for girls, despite it being an uncommon belief at that time. Wu went on to study physics at a university in Nanjing, where one of her professors had worked with Marie Curie. After graduation, she became a research assistant when her teacher encouraged her to receive advanced education in America. In 1936, Wu arrived in San Francisco and studied at the University of California, Berkeley where she completed her Ph.D. in 1940. Unable to find a research position at a university, Wu became a physics instructor at Princeton University and Smith College. In 1944, she joined the Manhattan Project at the Substitute Alloy Materials (SAM) Lab at Columbia University, focusing on radiation (辐射) detectors. After the Second World War, Wu was offered a position at Columbia and began studying beta decay (β衰变), which occurs when the nucleus (原子核) of one element changes into another element. She made several significant contributions, including making the first confirmation of Enrico Fermi􀆳s theory of beta decay. In 1956, Wu was approached by theoretical physicists Tsung⁃Dao Lee and Chen⁃Ning Yang who knew about her expertise in beta decay. They asked her to design an experiment to prove their theory that the law of conservation of parity did not hold true during beta decay. Wu􀆳s experiments, which used radioactive cobalt (钴) at near absolute zero temperatures, proved that identical nuclear particles (粒子) do not always act alike. This resulted in Lee and Yang receiving the 1957 Nobel Prize in Physics for their theory, but pitifully Wu􀆳s work was not admitted. Wu continued making significant contributions throughout her life and won several awards and honors. She was the first woman to serve as president of the American Physical Society. Her awards include the National Medal of Science, the Comsto