Unit 5 重点词汇讲解讲义-2022-2023学年高中英语人教版必修第一册

Book 1 Unit 5 导学案 1. billion /ˈbɪljən / n. 十亿 数以十亿计的；大量的 They have spent billions of dollars on the problem. 2. native /ˈneɪtɪv/ adj. 本国的，本土的 Chinese is our native language. be native to... 原产于 Panda is native to China. n. 本地人，当地人 a native of Heze 3. attitude /ˈætɪtju:d/ n. 态度；看法 a positive /negative /firm attitude to 对…积极/消极/坚定的态度 We should develop a good attitude to/towards life. 我们应该树立良好的生活态度。 4. refer /rɪˈfɜ:(r)/ vi. 提到； (referred, referred, referring) refer to 谈到；提到 The expert referred to volcanic eruption at least three times in his speech. vi. 参考；查阅 refer to a dictionary 查词典 reference /ˈrefrəns / n. 指称关系；参考 reference books 参考书 5. system /ˈsɪstəm / n.体系；系统 The Chinese writing system: connecting the past and the present. 汉语书写系统：连接过去和现在 a transport system 运输系统 educational system 教育体制 ecosystem生态系统 6. despite /dɪˈspaɪt / prep. 即使；尽管 despite the many ups and downs in its history 尽管在历史上有许多起起伏伏 尽管…的事实 She was good at physics despite the fact that she found it boring. in spite of/despite+doing可以转换成though/although 引导的从句 He always did well at school despite/in spite of doing part-time jobs every now and then. = He always did well at school although/though he did part-time jobs every now and then. 7. ups and downs 浮沉；兴衰；荣辱 When life gets hard and you want to give up, remember that life is full of ups and downs, and without the downs, the ups would mean nothing. 当生活很艰难，你想要放弃的时候，请记住， 生活充满了起起落落，如果没有低谷，那站在高处也失去了意义。 10. factor /ˈfæktə(r)/ n.因素；要素 There are many reasons why this has been possible but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system. 这种可能是有很多原因的，但主要因素之一是汉语书写系统。 11. base /beɪs/ vt.建立……的基础 base…on/upon把……建立在……基础上 be based on/upon 以……为基础/根据 I based my opinion on facts. = My opinion was based on facts.我的看法是以事实为根据的。 n. 底部；根基；基础 the economic base 经济基础 Plants are the base of the food chain. 植物处于食物链的最底层。 At the beginning, written Chinese was a picture-based language. 起初，书面汉语是一种以图画为基础的语言。 basis /ˈbeɪsɪs/n.基础 on the basis of在……基础上，根据 Sta