内容正文:
第10讲 祈使句, should和had better
1.掌握祈使句, should和had better的基本构成及重点用法;
2.能在具体的语境中灵活运用祈使句, should和had better。
祈使句
当我们向他人发出命令,提出要求或建议时,常使用祈使句。祈使句的祝愿时you(听话人),通常不明确表示出来。
句式
结构
例句
肯定句
Do型:动词原形(+宾语)+其他成分。
Have a seat here.这边坐。
Be型:Be+n/adj+其他成分。
Be a good child!要做一个好孩子!
Let型:Let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分。
Let me help you.让我来帮你。
否定句
Do型和Be型均在句首加Don’t构成。
Don’t be late for school!上学不要迟到!
Let型的否定形式有两种:
Don’t+let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分。
Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其他成分。
Don’t let him go.
=Let him not go.
反义疑问句
祈使句+will you/won’t you?
Open the window,will you?
Let us不包括听话者在内,指示对听话者说,反义疑问句的主语仍然为you
Let us play with snow,will you?
让我们玩雪,好吗?
Let us play with snow,shall we?
咱们玩雪吧,好吗?
Let’s是表示第一人称的祈使句,包含说话者,所以反义疑问句的主语为we.
※(1)有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,动词可省略。
This way,please.=Go this way, please.
(2) 有些祈使句可用No开头,用来表示禁止。
No smoking!禁止吸烟!
(3) 为了使祈使句听来比较客气,委婉,除了用please外,句末还可用will you。
Read the text,will you?读一下这篇文章,好吗?
(4) 在祈使句的前面加上do可以加强语气,有make sure(一定,务必)的意思。
Do remember to call me.
(5) 祈使句的答句常用一般将来时。
--Don’t smoke here.
--Sorry,I won’t.
1.Go along the street, _________ you’ll find the market opposite the bank.
A.when B.and C.or D.though
2.Hurry up, ________ you won’t catch the bus.
A.if B.and C.but D.or
3.—Joe is only six years old. ________ push him so hard.
—But I want him to be successful in the future.
A.No B.Not C.Don’t D.Doesn’t
4.I am going to listen to the radio. Please ________ any more.
A.not talk B.talk C.don’t talk D.not talking
5.Don’t ________ paper on the ground. We should ________ our classroom clean.
A.threw; keeping B.throw; keep C.to throw; to keep D.throwing; kept
6.________ the boy to a more comfortable place.
A.Moved B.To move C.Moving D.Move
7.Please ________ any noise — my mother is a very light sleeper.
A.not to make B.not make C.doesn’t make D.don’t make
8.Jim, ________ the door before the cat gets out!
A.closing B.closed C.closes D.close
9.________ worried about me, Mum. I’ve grown up.
A.Don’t be B.Don’t C.Not D.Not be
10.—___