2022-2023学年高二物理竞赛：光全息术 课件

光全息术 光全息术 Optical Holography 光波的完整记录与再现 Recording and Reconstruction of Light Wavefront 1、全息术发展简史 §7.1 引言 Introduction 丹尼斯·伽柏(Dennis Gabor,1900年~1979年),英国匈牙利裔物理学家,1971年诺贝尔物理奖获得者,全息摄影技术的发明者 1948年 Dennis Gabor 提出 “波前重现” 理论 目的:改善电子显微镜的分辨率 效果:因光源(汞灯)相干性差,效果不明显 Dr. Dennis Gabor signs a copy of the Museum of Holography's inaugural exhibition catalogue, "Through The Looking Glass," during his historic visit to the museum on March 17, 1977. (Photo by Paul D. Barefoot) 1960年 激光器 问世, 提供 理想的相干光源 为全息技术的发展创造了条件 红宝石 Laser — 梅曼(英),美国休斯飞机制造公司 氦—氖 Laser — 霍曼(伊朗),美国贝尔实验室 1962年 离轴全息图 问世 ——— Leith 和 Upatnieks (美) 加速了全息术的发展 40多年来,全息科学和技术得到飞速发展,应用领域几乎无所不及。 §5.1 引言 Introduction 1、全息术发展简史 1964年 氩离子激光器 Ar+ Laser 问世 提供了短波长连续可见光 扩展了全息技术的应用范围… … 同年,苏联科学家 Denisyuk 发明了白光反射全息图 This pioneer image was produced in 1964 by Emmett Leith and Juris Upatnieks at the University of Michigan only four years after the invention of the laser Leith and Upatnieks preparing to shoot a laser transmission hologram using the "off-axis" technique borrowed from their work in the development of side-reading radar. (Photo by Fritz Goro for Life Magazine, 1967) Russian scientist Yuri N. Denisyuk, State Optical Institute in Leningrad, USSR, signing a copy of his book, Fundamentals of Holography. (Photo by Dr. Stephen Benton, 1979) Introduction to laser light 激光简介 1 Light is most easily thought of its being trains of waves, which like water waves and sound waves. 4 In comparison to red light, green light has a shorter wavelength 6 Most light, though, like the light from a flashlight, is disorganized or incoherent.. 9 This means the light is a single color and monochromic. 11 Together these properties result in a highly uniform and controllable beam of coherent light. 2 They also lay between two extremes called crests and troughs. 3 The color of light depends on the distance between crests and it’s called its wavelength 5 Light comes from many different sources. 7 It’s made of many colors generated random and traveling in