考点04 动词被动语态（核心考点精讲精练）-备战2024年高考英语一轮复习考点帮（上海专用）

考点04 动词被动语态（核心考点精讲精练） 近3年真题考点分布 题型 语法填空 高考考点 动词被动语态 2022上海秋考 An individual who establishes and expands their own company through innovative strategies(23)______(know) as an entrepreneur During the expansion of their companies: 2022上海春考 2021上海秋考 Then when the air-conditioner ( 27 )_________(turn) on, the bacteria will be blown into the home or office and make people sick. 2021上海春考 未考查 2020上海秋考 未考查 2020上海春考 The game (22) _________ (invent) sometime in the Preclassical Period (2500—100 BCE), ....... 【思维导图】 【知识梳理】 一、被动语态的构成形式 被动语态由构成，be动词有人称、数和时态的变化。被动语态的构成形式还有：get/become＋过去分词。各种时态的被动语态形式如下： 　　形式 时间　　 一般式 进行式 完成式 现在 am/ is/ are done have/has been done 过去 was/were done had been done 将来 shall/will be done shall/will have　been done 被动语态的使用场合：(1)不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时；(2)强调动作的承受者时。 It is reported that a space station will be built on the moon in years to come. 据报道，一个空间站将在未来的几年内在月球上被建成。 In my hometown，there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat has been cut. 在我的家乡，所有的麦子被收割后，总是要给农民们准备一顿收获的晚餐。 With many forests being destroyed，huge quantities of good earth are being washed away each year. 因为许多森林被毁，每年大量肥沃的泥土被冲走。 易错警示 (1)有些及物动词(短语)不能用于被动语态。常见的有：have有；cost花费；lack缺少；own拥有；belong to属于；take part in参加。 (2)不及物动词(短语)不能用于被动语态。常见的有：happen/take place/occur发生；remain剩下；break out爆发；last持续；come out出版；come up被提出；lose heart失去信心；date from/back to追溯到；run out用完。 二、get构成的表示被动的短语：等 While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted，Henry did his best to perform his duty. 在等待机会被提拔期间，亨利尽量履行好自己的职责。 We get paid by the week. 我们按周获得薪酬。 1．“系动词feel，sound，taste，look，smell，appear，seem，turn，stay，become，get，grow，keep等＋形容词/名词”构成系表结构，常常以主动形式表示被动意义。 This kind of wool shirt feels soft and sells well. 这种羊毛衫摸起来很软，卖得很好。 2．当sell，read，cut，wash，write，open，wear，run，burn等不及物动词后带状语(well/easily等)修饰，用来表示主语内在的品质或性能时用主动形式表示被动含义。 Have you bought the book that sells well these days? I think it is suitable for us teenagers. 你买最近销售很好的那本书了吗？我认为它非常适合我们青少年。 三、主动形式表示被动意义 1．在n