Unit 1 Travel 单元语法和课后巩固练习教学设计-2022-2023学年中职英语高教版（2021）基础教程2

Unit 1 Travel 一般过去时 （The Past Tense） Part A 单元语法教学 一、 一般过去时的基本用法： 1. 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用。 例如：yesterday, last night, in 1990, two days ago，just now等。 He was here just now. 他刚才还在这里。 What did you do yesterday? 你昨天做了什么事？ 2. 表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作。常和often, always等表示频度的时间状语连用。 例如：We often played together when we were children. 我们小时候常在一起玩。 3. 表示过去主语所具备的能力和性格。 例如：At that time she was very good at English. 那时她英语学得很好。 二、 一般过去时的基本构成： 1. 系动词be的一般过去时: was: 用于第一 、第三人称的单数形式 be过去式 were: 用于第二人称和第一、第三人称的复数形式 ① 肯定句： 主语 + was / were + 其他。 He was at home yesterday. They were at home yesterday. ② 否定句： 主语 + was / were + not + 其他。 He was not (wasn’t) at home yesterday. They were not (weren’t) at home yesterday. ③ 一般疑问句： Was / Were + 主语 + 其他？ Was he at home yesterday? Were they at home yesterday? 肯定回答： Yes, 主语 + was / were. Yes, he was. Yes, they were. 否定回答： No, 主语 + was / were + not. No, he was not (wasn’t). No, they were not (weren’t). 2. 实义动词的一般过去时: ① 肯定句： 主语 + v-ed (实义动词过去式) + 其他。 He bought a new car yesterday. ② 否定句： 主语 + 助动词did + not + 实义动词原形 + 其他。 He did not (didn’t) buy a new car yesterday. ③ 一般疑问句： 助动词Did + 主语 + 实义动词原形 + 其他？ Did he buy a new car yesterday? 肯定回答： Yes, 主语 + 助动词did. Yes, he did. 否定回答： No, 主语 + 助动词did + not. No, he did not（didn’t）. 三、 动词过去式的规则变化: 1. 一般情况下，在动词词尾直接加“ ed ”. work-worked  visit-visited talk-talked play-played 2. 以不发音的字母“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”. live-lived decide-decided move-moved save-saved 3. 以“ 辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 “ y ” 变为 “ i ” ，再加“ ed ”. study-studied  cry-cried carry-carried marry-married 4. 以重读闭音节结尾， 且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”. stop-stopped  drop-dropped plan-planned beg-begged 四、 常用动词过去式的不规则变化：    am/is-was are-were do-did go-went read-read