内容正文:
第04讲 动词ing形式作宾语和表语
1.了解动词ing形式作宾语和表语的概念和用法。
2.可以根据本节课的内容来完成一些习题。
关于动词ing形式的基本情况
(1).动词ing形式是动词的一种非谓语形式,包括现在分词和动名词两种。动词ing形式在句中的语法作用:动名词在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语,现在分词在句中作状语、宾语补足语和定语。
(2).动词ing形式的时态和语态。Reading aloud is a good way to learn a language.大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。
Having studied his lessons very hard, he passed the exam.
努力学习了功课, 他通过了考试。
The building being built now will be finished next month.
正在建设的建筑物下个月将完工。
Having been laughed at for his lameness, the boy became shy and inhibited.
那男孩因跛脚被人讥笑, 变得羞怯。
【归纳用法】
动词ing形式作表语
1、v-ing形式作表语,表示主语的内容是什么。
Their job is building houses.
The real question is getting to know the needs of the people.
2、v-ing形式作表语,表示主语所具有的特征。
This story is very interesting.
The problem is quite puzzling.
3、 注意:分词作表语有两种情况一种是-ing形式作表语,一种是-ed形式作表语。
-ing形式用来描述事物的特征,表示“令人...的”,-ed形式用来描述人的感受,表示“感到...的”。
如:exciting 令人激动的 excited 兴奋的
interesting 使人感兴趣的 interested感兴趣的
exciting令人激动的 excited感到激动的
disappointing令人失望的 disappointed感到失望的
puzzling令人费解的 puzzled感到费解的
动词ing形式作宾语
1、v-ing形式在句中既可以用作动词后面的宾语,也可以用作介词后面的宾语。
常用v-ing形式作宾语的动词有:mind, admit, practice, risk, miss, avoid, consider, enjoy, escape, finish, imagine, suggest, appreciate, delay, imagine, keep, resist, deny, look forward to,insist on,set about等。
2、 常见的动介词搭配+-ing形式:look forward to,insist on,set about, can't help,,be proud of,be responsible for,keep on,think of,dream of,hear of,prevent…from,keep…from,stop…from,be engaged in,depend on,thank…for,aim at,be fond of,be afraid of,be tired of,succeed in,put off,give up,be worth,be busy (in) doing sth ,be interested in,be ashamed of等。
3、 ★高中阶段常见的带介词to的短语,后接-ing形式或名词:
look forward to(渴望,盼望),contribute to(捐助、贡献),get down to(着手做),give way to(让位),take to(从事),stick to(忠于、坚持),be used to (习惯于),devote oneself to (献身于),object to(反对,抗议),pay attention to(注意) ,adjust oneself to...(调整以适应...)
4、 动词allow, advise, forbid, permit等可直接跟动词-ing形式作宾语,不可以接动词不定式作宾语,但可接不定式作宾语补语。
allow doing (√) allow to do(×) allow sb to do (√)
advise doing (√) advise to d