内容正文:
Unit 10 知识点
可数名词与不可数名词用法对比:
可数名词:有单数和复数之分。如:a box, two boxes。
(1) 其前可直接用不定冠词a/an或具体的数词修饰,表示数量。
如:a bowl ,an orange, two potatoes。
(2) 可用定冠词the修饰,表示特指,如:the girl(这个女孩)。
(3) 可用some, any, few, a few, many, lots of, a lot of等修饰。询问数量多少用how many。
不可数名词:没有复数形式。如:beef, mutton, meat, milk。
(1) 其前不能用不定冠词a/an或数词修饰。
(2) 可用定冠词the修饰,表示特指,如:the bread(这块面包)。
可用some, any, little, a little, much, a lot of, lots of等修饰。询问量的多少用how much。
不可数名词量的表达: “a/an/基数词+表示量的名词 + of + 不可数名词” 表示,这些表示量的名词有单复数形式的变化。这一结构作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式要与表示量的名词保持一致。
There is a bottle of juice on the table. 桌子上有一瓶果汁。(谓语动词is与a bottle保持一致)
There are three bowls of mutton soup on the table. 桌子上有三碗羊肉汤。(谓语动词are与three bowls保持一致)
名词的数
可数名词变复数的规则变化
①一般情况下,在名词词尾加-s book-books ,bus-buses,car-cars
②以-s,-x,-ch,-sh 结尾的可数名词,在词尾加-es box-boxes peach-peaches dish-dishes
③以“辅音字母+y”结尾的可数名词,将-y变为-i再加-es, dictionary- dictionaries
family-families
④以-f或-fe结尾的可数名词,将-f或-fe变为-v,再加-es knife-knives leaf-leaves
photo-photos radio-radios
⑤以-o结尾的可数名词,词义是无生命的名词加-s, piano-pianos
有生命的名词加-es zoo-zoos tomato-tomatoes potato-potatoes hero-heroes
特殊形式
①单复数同形的词。e.g.Chinese中国人 sheep绵羊 deer鹿
②词形发生变化的词。 e.g.child→children 孩子 man→men 男人 woman→women女人
1. mutton 不可数名词 羊肉
2. Beef 不可数名词 牛肉
3.noodle “面条”,可数名词,复数noodles
4.chicken “小鸡”,为可数名词,复数chickens ,“鸡肉”不可数名词。
5.potato “土豆”,可数名词,复数potatoes
Tomato“西红柿”,可数名词,复数tomatoes
Hero “英雄”,可数名词,复数heroes
Photo 照片。可数名词,复数photos
以o结尾的可数名词变复数:有生命的+es,无生命的+s
5.would like“想要”,相当于want, 用法亦同want,但比want委婉。
1)want/would like sth. 想要某物
I’d like some noodles
2)want/would like to do sth. 想要做某事
I’d like to play the piano
3)want/would like sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事
I would like him to help me.
4)What would sb. like? 某人想要什么?
What would they like? They would like some noodles.
5)What would sb. like to do? 某人想要做什么?
What would they like to have? They would like to have some noodles.
6)would you like sth. 你想要某物吗?(委婉地询问对方的要求时的用语)
肯定回答:Yes, please. 否定回答:No, thanks.
Would you like some more food? Yes, please.