Unit 4 Grammar and usage 课件-2022-2023学年高中英语牛津译林版（2020）必修第三册

Unit 4 Grammar and Usage Past Participle 过去分词 Past Participle as attributives, adverbials and object complements The Little Match Girl Read the following story and pay attention to the words in red. It was snowing and very cold outside. A little girl was walking in the street, selling matches. She didn’t wear any shoes because she had her shoes_____(lose). lost She wished all her matches (sell) but nobody bought a single one. sold She was so cold that she sat in a corner with her legs __________. (huddle up 蜷缩在一起) huddled up huddled up She lit a match and saw a Christmas tree ________ (decorate)with many gifts. decorated The ______ (light) match was burning brightly and she seemed very delighted. lighted The next day, people saw the girl _______(freeze )to death. What a poor girl ! frozen Find verb-ed forms in the article and fill in the table below. The first one has been done for you. We should know the difference between verb-ed and the past form in the past tense. Verb-ed form as an attributive something produced by the mould Verb-ed form as an adverbial Verb-ed form as an object complement Surprised by this, Fleming performed some tests. get its mass production started the prepared mind 谓语 非谓语 谓语 非谓语 谓语 非谓语 Working out the rules A verb-ed form can be used like an adjective or an adverb, indicating a(n) _____________ (active/passive) meaning. A verb-ed form can appear before or after a noun. It modifies the noun like a(n) _____________ (relative clause/ adverbial clause). A verb-ed form can be used as an adverbial or an object complement. passive relative clause 一、过去分词的构成及意义 基本形式 构成 意义 一般式 完成式 否定式 被动式 done 与句中的主语为逻辑上的被动关系，表示动作已经完成。 无 无 not done 二、过去分词的句法功能 past participle as attributives 过去分词作定语， 与所修饰的词构成被动关系。 1. 单个V-ed作定语通常前置 a. 及物动词的-ed形式作定语, 一般兼有被动和完成的意义。 b. 不及物动词的-ed形式作定语, 有主动和完成意义。 a grown woman 一位成年妇女 a broken cup 一个破杯子 = a cup that has been broken = a woman that has grown the color TV set produced last year =