2023年人教版暑假七年级升八年级英语第一讲句子成分分析

课题一 【 句子成分分析 】 （一）、句子成分 现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。 英语的基本成分有七种：主语（the Subject）、谓语（the Predicate）、表语（the Predicative）、宾语（the Object）、定语（the Attribute）、状语(the Adverbial)和补语（the Object Complement） 注意：汉语与英语就句子成分表面上看来差不多，实际上有不少差别。例如： 句子成分 例句 主语 the Subject 1. Lucy is an American girl. 2. She often goes to the movies 谓语 the Predicate 1. He has a toothache. 2. His parents teach math. 表语 the Predicative 1. Her mother is a bank clerk. 2. We were at home last night. 3. It tastes great. 宾语 the Object 1. Let me tell you what he is like. 2. He’s playing soccer. 3. Can I ask some questions? 定语 the Attribute 1. Peel three bananas. 2. What’s your name, please? 3. She’s a good basketball player. 状语 the Adverbial 1. I like it very much. 2. People are all working hard. 3. Hong Kong is not very cold in the winter. （2） 、句子的类型 A、按句子用途分：陈述句，疑问句，祈使句，感叹句 B、按句子结构分：简单句，并列句，复合句 1. 句子按其结构分 类别 构成 例句 简单句 The Simple Sentence 由一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）构成的句子。 1. I get up at six in the morning. 2. My mother and I often go shopping. 3. Some students walk or ride bikes to school. 4. She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers. 并列句 The Compound Sentence 由并列连词（and, so, but, or 等）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。 1. She doesn’t like science, and she thinks it is boring. 2. Ed has a great sports collection, but he doesn’t play sports. 3. School starts at eight, so I get up at six thirty. 4. You help him and he helps you . 5. The future is bright, the road is tortuous . 复合句 The Complex Sentence 由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子。 1. What do you want to be when you grow up? 2. I think that Screen City has the most comfortable seats. 3. The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall. 4. Where there is a will, there is a way. 2. 简单句的五种基本句型结构 一、句型1： Subject (主语) ＋ Verb (谓语) 这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词，所谓不及物动词，就是这种动词后不可以直接接宾语。常见的动词如： work, sing, swim, fish, jump, arrive, come, die, disappear, cry