Unit 2 Morals and Virtues V-ing形式作宾补和状语 讲义 2022-2023学年高中英语人教版必修第三册

必修三 Unit 2 Discovering Useful Structures动词 ing 形式作宾补和状语 一、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语　 动词-ing形式作宾语补足语时，与宾语之间构成主谓关系，即宾语是其逻辑上的主语。 用法: --ing形式作宾语补足语的几种情况： 1． 表示感觉和心理状态的动词(短语)(常见的有feel，hear，listen to，see, notice, observe,watch， look at, find，think等)＋sb.＋doing sth.(作宾补)。 Eg：I felt somebody standing behind me. Eg：I saw the little boy crying there. 2． 表示“致，使，让”意义的使役动词(常见的有have , keep, get, leave,set ,catch等)＋sb./sth.＋doing sth.(作宾补)。注意let、make后不接ing作宾补 Eg：We kept the fire burning all night long. 3． with复合结构中，with＋名词/代词＋doing(作宾补)。 Eg：With so many people looking at her, she felt nervous. [名师点津]　使役动词接现在分词作宾语补足语表示“让……一直做某事”；接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语表示“让某人做某事”；接过去分词作宾语补足语，表示“主语请某人做某事，使完成某事或主语遭遇某事”。 二、动词-ing形式作状语　 动词-ing形式作状语，其逻辑主语必须与句子主语一致，可表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随等。 1. 作时间状语，一般可转换成由when或while等引导的时间状语从句。 Walking in the park, she saw an old friend. ＝When/While (she was) walking in the park, she saw an old friend. 2. 作原因状语，一般可转换成由as或because等引导的原因状语从句。 Being ill, he couldn't go to school. ＝As he was ill, he couldn't go to school. 3. 作条件状语，一般可转换成if, unless等引导的条件状语从句。 Working hard, you'll make great progress. ＝If you work hard, you'll make great progress. 4. 作让步状语，一般可转换成though，although等引导的让步状语从句 Being tired, they still went on working. ＝Although they were tired, they still went on working.\ 5. 作结果状语 His father died, leaving him a lot of money. 6. 作方式状语 Please answer my question using another way. 7. 作伴随状语,可以转换为一个and并列句 Mary sat by the window of the classroom, reading a book. ＝Mary sat by the window of the classroom and was reading a book. 注意：动词-ing形式作结果状语时，通常放在句末，中间用逗号隔开，表示一种顺其自然、意料之中的结果。only后接不定式在句中作结果状语，表示意料之外的结果。 eg：I hurried to school, only to find it was Sunday. 注意： 1．为强调动词-ing形式表达的意义，可在其前加上各种连词。例如，加上when, while，before, after，(al)though等连词。 2．动词-ing形式作结果状语，表示随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果，前面有时候可以加thus。而不定式作结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果，有时前面可以加only。　　 　 三、动词-ing形式作状语的注意事项　 (一)动词-ing形式的时态 动词-ing形式作状语时，一般式(doing)，完成式(having done)。 (1)动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生时，用一般式。 (2)动作先于谓语动词的动作而发生时，用完成式。 ①Walking in the street, I met some foreigners. ②