内容正文:
第1-2课时
时态
考点一:一般现在时
1.用法:
(1)表示经常性或习惯性的动作或状态。常见的时间标志词包含 often, sometimes, usually, always, on Sundays, every day/week/month/year 等。
如:I drink milk every day.
(2)表示普遍真理、客观存在或科学事实。
如:The moon moves around the earth. 月球绕着地球转。
(3)表示主语具备的性格和能力。
如:John likes hamburgers.
(4) “主将从现”原则。 主句是一般将来时,从句是由when, after, before, not...until, as soon as 等引导的时间状语从句或由if, unless, as long as, once引导的条件状语从句时,从句用一般现在时。
如:I will tell you as soon as I know the result. 我一知道结果就告诉你。
2.基本结构:
基本结构
否定句
一般疑问句
be动词
am/is/are + not
Be动词提前,放于句首
行为动词
don’t/doesn’t + do(动词原形)
Do/Does +主语 +do(动词原形)+其他?
3.动词第三人称单数形式变化规则:
规律
例词
一般在词尾加-s,(清辅音后读/s/,在浊辅音后读/z/;在t后读/ts/,在d后读/dz/。)
play→plays leave→leaves swim→swims
以字母s, x, ch, sh, o结尾的词加-es,读/iz/,如果动词原形词尾已有e,则只加-s。
pass →passes fix→fixes teach→teaches
wish→wishes do→does
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,变y为i,再加es,读/z/
study→studies carry→carries fly→flies
考点二:现在进行时
1.用法:
(1) 现在进行时表示现在或现在这段时间正在进行的动作。 常用时间标志词:now, right now, Look, Listen, Be quiet , / It’s 8 o’clock. / Where is Linda? / at the moment / all the time / these days.
如:They are working these days. They are talking now.
(2)表示位移的动词,如come, go, leave, start, arrive等,其现在进行时可以表示将来。
如:I am coming.
(3) 与always, all the time等连用,表示某种强烈的感情,多为赞美或发牢骚。
如:They are always watching TV.
2.基本结构:
基本结构
否定句
一般疑问句
be+现在分词 (am/is/are+doing)
be+not+现在分词(am/is/are+not+doing)
be提前,置于句首
3.现在分词变化规则:
规律
例词
一般动词直接在词后加-ing
read – reading work – working think – thinking
以不发音的字母e 结尾的动词,应先去掉 e 然后加 – ing
like – liking take – taking leave – leaving
重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母,应先双写这个辅音字母然后再加-ing
stop – stopping begin – beginning swim – swimming run – running sit – sitting
以ie结尾的动词,把ie改为y ,再加ing
die---dying lie---lying
考点三:一般将来时
1.用法:
(1)表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态.常用时间标志词:tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next Sunday, soon, in two hours, in 2025.
如: kids will study at home on computers in ten years.
(2)在when,after,before,until,as soon