【小升初】2022-2023学年小学英语语法专项（讲义+练习）10 祈使句（外研版三起）

【小升初】2022-2023学年小学英语语法专项 （讲义+练习）10 祈使句（外研版三起） 一、祈使句的概念 祈使句是用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子。祈使句因对象(主语)是第二人称，通常省略主语。祈使句的时态都为一般现在时，句末可以用感叹号来表达比较强烈的语气，也可以用句号结尾。 命令：Go and wash your hands！ 请求：Be quiet, please. / Please be quiet. 劝告：Be kind to your friends. 警告：Watch your steps. 禁止：Keep off the grass！ 二、祈使句的结构 1. 动词原形+其他成分。 Sit down, please. Hurry up. Come on. 【注】有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下，可省略动词。 Go this way, please.=This way, please. 2. Be+名词短语或形容词+其他成分。 Be careful! Be a good boy! 3. Let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分。 Let me help you. Let‘s clean our classroom. 　　 【注】有时为了加强语气，可在动词之前加do。 Do be careful! Do let Mary water the flowers. 三、祈使句的否定形式 1.以动词原形和be 动词开头的祈使句，都是在句首加don’t。 Don’t forget me! Don’t be late for school! 2.let开头的祈使句的否定形式有两种： 1）Don’t+let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分。 2）Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其他成分。 Don’t let him go. =Let him not go. 3.No开头的祈使句表示禁止。No smoking! 四、祈使句的反义疑问句形式 1.一般情况下，简略问句用will you或 won’t you。 Have a rest, will you? Stand up, will(won’t) you? 2. let’s开头的祈使句，表示说话人向对方提出建议时，简略问句用shall we。 Let’s have a cup of tea, shall we? 3.let me或 let us表示向听话人提出请求，简略问句用will you。 Let me have a rest, will you? Let us know your name, will you? 专项练习 一、看图，根据图片选出相应的祈使句。（填字母编号） 1. ___________ 2. __________ 3. __________ 4. ___________ 5. __________ 二、将下列句子改为祈使句。 1. You mustn’t play on the road. ____________________________________________ 2. You can’t eat in the computer room. ____________________________________________ 3. You must stop at a red light. ____________________________________________ 4. You mustn’t be late for school. ____________________________________________ 5. Everyone mustn’t smoke here. ____________________________________________ 三、单项填空。 ( )1. If you are tired, _____a rest. A. have B. having C. to have ( )2. He is not honest(诚实). _____ believe him. A. Not B. Don’t C. Do ( )3. _____ in the street. It’s dangerous. A. Not play B. Not to play C. Don’t play ( )4. Please_____ me some books, will you? A. lend