压轴题03 被动语态-2023年中考英语压轴题专项训练(江苏专用)

2023-05-04
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压轴题03 被动语态 考向一:被动语态句型及构成 考向二: 主动表被动 1、被动语态各种时态形式表 一般时态 进行时态 完成时态 现在 am/is/are asked am/is/are being asked has/have been asked 过去 was/were asked was/were being asked had been asked 将来 shall/will asked shall/will have been asked 过去将来 shall/would be asked shall/would have been asked 2、情态动词的被动语态 一般式:情态动词(can,could,may,might,must,should,need等)+be+过去分词 完成式:情态动词(can,could,may,might,must,should,need等)+have+been+过去分词 例句:This can be done by hand.这可以手工做。 This mustn't be neglected.这一点不可忽视。 3、 be going to等不定式结构的被动形式 这类不定式结构的被动形式为: be going to /ought to/ be to /be bound to/ be sure to/be certain to/ be due to /be about to have/has to had to+be+过去分词 例句:The patient ought to be operated on at once.这病人应当立即动手术。 The flowers ought to be watered every other day.这些花应隔天浇一次水。 2、 使用被动语态的注意点 1、不及物动词不能用于被动语态 appear,rise,die,happen,occur,lie,depart等都属此类动词。 例如:Many accidents occur in the home.许多事故都发生在家中。 2、 表示某种状态或情况,有“拥有、容纳、适合、缺少明白”等意,这类动词不能用于被动语态。 常见的有:lack,fit,med hold,have,resemble,cost,equal,contain,suit,comprise,become,last,possess,benefit befit,suffice,suffer,befall降临,fail,consist of,look like,fell like,belong to等。 例如She was having a bath.她在洗澡。 注意: ①当have作“吃,接收,经历,度过”解时,虽用作行为动词,但一般不用于被动语态。 例如,The children had a most enjoyable holiday.(正) A most enjoyable holiday was had by the children.(误) 但当have作“得到,获得,欺骗”解,或同某些介词、副词结合构成及物性短语动词时,可用于被动语态。 例如:She has been had in the dealing/over the bargain. 她在那项交易/买卖中受骗了。 ②become of不可用于被动语态。 ③catch表示“挂住,夹住,钩住”时不可用于被动语态,但可以说get caught。 ④add up to(合计达,总起来说)不可用于被动语态。 3、某些动词的进行时也可表示被动意义 常见的这类词有:bake,owe,brew,cook,print,bind,do,make等。 例如:The meat is cooking.肉在煮着。 The cakes are baking.蛋糕在烘。 4、不及物动词构成的短语动词能否用于被动语态 ①及物动词构成的短语动词总是及物性的,故可以用于被动语态(注意不可省掉或漏掉介词或副词),如win over,give up,ask for,make mention of 等。但是,不及物动词构成的短语可以是及物性的,也可以是不及物性的,不及物性的短语动词不可用于被动语态,如 look up,look down等 例句:Things are looking up.(正) Things are being looked up.(误) 情况看来有好转。 ②不及物动词构成的及物性短语动词则可以用于被动语态,如:The problem has been gone into等 ③pay attention to,take care of 等动词短语可以有两

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压轴题03 被动语态-2023年中考英语压轴题专项训练(江苏专用)
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压轴题03 被动语态-2023年中考英语压轴题专项训练(江苏专用)
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压轴题03 被动语态-2023年中考英语压轴题专项训练(江苏专用)
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