Unit6 语法学案2022-2023学年沪教牛津版英语七年级下册

教学内容： 情态动词 一、情态动词的定义: 情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,表示说话人的情绪,态度或语气的动词,但不能单独作谓语, 只能和其他动词原形构成谓语。情态动词无人称和数的变化，后接动词原形。 二、情态动词的用法： 1、can的用法 1) can “能，会”，表示某种能力。过去式为：could. I can dance, and he can swim. I can’t swim, and he can’t dance. Can you swim? Yes, I can. /No, I can’t. Tom could swim at the age of 5. 2) can 和 be able to的区别 : be able to 有人称数和时态的变化。be able to 可以用于过去、现在、将来等多种时态。 Tom was able to swim at the age of 5. I can come tomorrow . =I will be able to come tomorrow. 3) can “可以”，表示请求，准许，同意。 Can you pass me the books? 你能给我递一下书吗 ? Could you help me, please? 请问,你能帮助我吗? could 可以表示委婉的语气。回答时用can. Could I borrow your car? Of course you can. / Yes, you can. I’m afraid you can’t. /I’m sorry you can’t. 练一练： ( )1.- Can you speak English? - No, I . A. mustn't B. can't C. couldn't D. may not ( )2. She can _______basketball. A. play B. playing C. plays ( )3. Can you ______me? A. understanding B. understands C. understand 根据要求改写句子。 1. I can play chess.(改为否定句) _______________________________________________., 2. Amy can help kids with swimming.(改为一般疑问句并做否定回答) _______________________________________________. 3. I can play the piano. （对划线部分提问） _______________________________________________. 2、 may的用法 1) may (might) 可以, 表示说话人同意,许可或请求对方许可。 may 否定式为 may not。 You may take the book home. 　你可以把书带回家去. May I know your name? 2) may (might) 可能，表示可能性大小。 He told me he might be here on time. 他说他可能会按时来。 练一练： 1._______ I borrow your ruler? （ ）2.You’d better go and ask Mr. Brown. He _____ know how to use the computer. A. can B. may C. would D. could （ ）3. ---- Who else will come to the party besides Bob and Jack? --- John _____ come, but he isn’t very sure yet. A. may B. will C. must D. need 3、must 的用法 1) 表示出于职责、义务该做某事 Students must work hard at their study 2）表示出于主观意识而必须要做某事 You must hurry up or you'll be late . 注意：在回答must的疑问句时，否定回答常用 needn’t 或