内容正文:
U7 拓展语法 形容词和副词
形容词
一、定义:用来形容人或事物特点的词。
二、形容词的作用:
1、形容词作定语
(1)大多数形容词作定语修饰名词时,其位置在被修饰的名词前,说明名词的品质或特征。
She is a tall girl. 她是一个高个子女孩。
It’s a black and white cat. 它是一只黑白色相间的猫。
He is a good teacher. 他是一名好老师。
She is wearing a green coat. 她穿着一件绿外套。
(2)但在下列情况下,形容词却放在它所修饰的名词之后。
当被修饰的词是不定代词somebody, someone, something, anybody, anyone, anything, nobody, nothing等复合不定代词的形容词,作定语时要后置。
I would like something cheap. 我想要点便宜的东西。
There is nothing wrong with him. 他没有错。
Is there anything new in that book? 那本书里有什么新东西吗?
(3)enough等形容词修饰名词时可前置或后置。
We have enough time/ time enough. 我们有足够的时间。
(注:形/副+ enough,此时enough 必须后置)
2、形容词作表语
形容词作表语,常位于连系动词be(am, is, are), become, get, turn, look, keep, seem等词的后面,说明主语的特征、状态或身份。
The food is delicious.这种食物美味可口。
The story is very interesting.这个故事很有趣。
Generally speaking, it is cold in the north, it is warm in the south.
一般来说,北方天气冷,南方天气暖和。
3、 作宾语补足语
① We should keep our classroom tidy and clean.
② We should make our country beautiful and strong.
4、句型“It is +adj.(形容词)+to do sth.(不定式短语)”
这个句型中,常用important, interesting, exciting, nice, easy, hard, good, useful, wrong, right, important等形容词。
It is dangerous to climb this hill.爬这座山很危险。
It is interesting to play in the snow.在雪里玩是有趣的。
It is important to listen to the teacher carefully in class.课堂上认真听老师讲课很重要。
a.此句型中,如果表语是kind, nice, right, wrong, clever, polite等描述性格、品质的形容词,则应在不定式前加of sb. “It is +adj. +of sb. + to do sth.”某人做某事是……
It is very kind of you to help me.你能帮我太好了。
It’s clever of you to do so.你这样做真聪明。
b. 如果形容词表示“对某人而言”,描述的是事情的性质,可在动词不定式前加一个for sb “It is +adj. +for sb. +to do sth.”对某人来说做某事是……
It's difficult for us to finish the work.对我们来说,完成这项工作很困难。
It’s hard for me to answer your question.对我来说,要回答你的问题很难。
三、貌似adv. 的adj。
lonely (孤独的),friendly (友好的), lively (生动的),lovely (可爱的), deadly (致命的)等。
四、复合形容词。
He is an eleven- year- old boy. 数--单名作定语。
五、以 –ing 和 –ed结尾的adj用法区别:
Jane is bored because her job is boring.
Julia thinks maths is very