02.高频近义词辨析及重点派生词-备战2023年中考英语考前必背(通用版)

高频近义词辨析及重点派生词规律 中考英语常用高频近义词（短语）辨析200组 1. clothes, cloth, clothing 　　clothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数， cloth指布，为不可数名词 clothing 服装的总称，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of 2. incident, accident 　　incident指小事件, accident指不幸的事故He was killed in the accident. 3. amount, number 　　amount后接不可数名词， number后接可数名词 a number of students 4. family, house, home 　　home 家，包括住处和家人，house房子，住宅，family家庭成员. My family is a happy one. 5. sound, voice, noise 　　sound自然界各种各样的声音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside. 6. photo, picture, drawing 　　photo用照相机拍摄的照片，picture可指相片，图片，电影片，drawing画的画 　　Let's go and see a good picture. 7. vocabulary, word 　　vocabulary词汇，一个人拥有的单词量，word具体的单词He has a large vocabulary. 8. population, people 　　population人口，人数，people具体的人 China has a large population. 9. weather, climate 　　weather一天内具体的天气状况，climate长期的气候状况 The climate here is not good for you. 10. road, street, path, way 　　road具体的公路，马路，street街道，path小路，小径，way道路，途径 　　take this road; in the street, show me the way to the museum. 11. course, subject 　　course课程（可包括多门科目），subject科目（具体的学科）a summer course 12. custom, habit 　　custom传统风俗，习俗，也可指生活习惯，后接to do， habit生活习惯，习惯成自然，后接of doing. I've got the habit of drinking a lot. 13. cause, reason 　　cause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因，后接of sth./doing sth，reason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由，后接for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late 14. exercise, exercises, practice 　　exercise运动，锻炼（不可数），exercises练习（可数），practice（反复做的）练习 　　Practice makes perfect. 15. class, lesson 　　作"课"解时,两者可以替换.指课文用lesson. 指班级或全体学生用class. lesson 6; class 5 16. speech, talk, lecture 　　speech指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说，talk日常生活中的一般的谈话，讲话，lecture学术性的演讲，讲课 a series of lecture on… 17. officer, official 　　officer部队的军官，official政府官员 an army officer 18. work, job 　　二者均指工作。work不可数，job可数 a good job 19. couple, pair 　　couple主要指人或动物，pair多指由两部分组成的东西 a pair of trousers 20. country, nation, state, land 　　country侧重指版图，疆域，nation指人民，国民，民族，state侧重指政府，政体，land国土，国家 The whole nation was sad at the news. 21. cook, cooker 　　cook厨师，cooker厨具 He is a good cook. 22. damage, damages