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8b期中复习--八年级下册unit1-4语法点梳理综合复习
八年级下册unit1-4语法点梳理综合复习
涉及知识点:
· 语法复习-----现在完成时态(8b unit1-3)
Unit1 grammar涉及考点
1. 定义
⑴过去动作产生的影响等
表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果。
Someone has broken the window.(“打破”这一动作虽然发生在过去,但影响延续至今,其结果是窗子仍然是破的,The window is now broken.)
I have lost my pen.(结果是:我现在无钢笔可用,I have no pen to use.)
He’s locked the door.(结果是:现在门锁上了,我们进不去,Now the door is locked and we can’t go in.)
⑵过去的动作延续到现在和未来
表示一个开始于过去,持续到现在,并可能继续下去的动作或状态,常同for, since引导的时间状语连用,或用于How long…(多久)句型中,表示持续的时间。
He has studied English for ten years.(可能继续学下去)
She has lived here since then.
He has been in Nanjing since 2003.
Miss Lin has worked in the factory since she came to the city.
2. 基本构成(结构)
have/has+动词过去分词
· 过去分词的构成 (大多数动词的过去分词与它的过去式相同,所以可以参考动词的过去式变化规则)
(1) 在原形后加-ed 如:visit — visited
(2) 以不发音的e结尾的加-d 如: live — lived
(2)以辅音字母加-y结尾的变y为i+ed 如:study-studied
(3)以重读闭音节结尾的辅元辅结构,双写最后一个辅音字母加-ed, 如:shop-shopped
3.时间状语
(1)单个时间副词:
already (已经), 用于肯定句,可放句中和句尾;
just(刚刚),用于肯定句,放于句中;(辨析:just now用于过去式)
ever(曾经),常用于疑问句,放于句中;(辨析:once曾经,用于过去式)
never(从不),用于疑问句或否定句中,放于句中;
yet(还),常用于疑问句或否定句中,放于句尾;
recently(近来)= in recent years可用于肯定句、否定句或疑问句中,放在句首或句尾。
before(以前),可用于肯定句、否定句或者疑问句中,放在句尾
(2)时间短语
so far(到目前为止),in/during/over the past few years(在过去的几年里),(辨析:in the past在过去,用于过去式)
many times(很多次),how many times(多少次)
(辨析:how often 回答频率,多久几次\sometimes\often….
how many times回答次数,几次)
补充:for、since用法
· since 自从……以后
►since + 时间点 例:He has lived here since 2020.
►since + 时间段+ ago 例:He has lived here since 2 years ago.
►since + 时间状语从句 (从句动词用一般过去时,主句动词用现在完成时)
例:Lucy has taught English here since she moved to Wuxi.
· for 长达多久 for + 一段时间 例: He has lived here for 2 years.
★★★★★高频考点:1)It is / has been +一段时间+ since从句(一般过去时).
2)现在完成时态+ since从句(一般过去时)
· 对since和for的提问用how long
— How long have you learned English? 你学英语多久了?
—For six years./Since six years ago. 六年了。/从六年前开始。
(2019-2020 张家港梁丰期中)28. He has made quite a few new friends __________ he came here three years ago.
A. when B