内容正文:
句子的种类
一轮复习 Unit 8 English Study
句子的种类
陈述句
疑问句
祈使句
感叹句
陈述句
用来说明事实或说话人的看法。
肯定句
结构:主语+谓语+…… I go to school by bike every day.
否定句
结构:在助动词、系动词或情态动词后加not
He is not a doctor.
Tom can not speak English.
He does not studies very hard at school.
They did not go shopping yesterday.
I have not been there before.
疑问句
一般疑问句
以情态动词、助动词或系动词be开头的疑问句。需以 Yes或No回答。
- Does he like music? -Yes, he does.
- Did you go hiking last weekend? -Yes, I did.
- Have you seen the movie before? -No, I haven’t.
- Is there a map on the wall? -No, there isn’t.
- May I use your pen? - Certainly.
疑问句
特殊疑问句
由“特殊疑问词+一般疑问句”构成。根据问句内容具体回答。常用特殊疑问词有who/whom(谁),whose(谁的),what(什么),which(哪个),when/what time(什么时间),where(在哪),why(为什么),how(为何),how many/much(多少)等。
- Who is the lady over there? - She is our teacher
- How much is this hat? - 20 yuan.
- Why are you late? - I missed the bus.
疑问句
选择疑问句
提出两种或多种情况要对方选择。结构为“一般疑问句+or+省略的一般疑问句”,或用疑问词which, whose等提问。
- Is this a guitar or a bass? -It’s a bass.
- Which is your coat, the blue one or the white one?
- The white one.
疑问句
反意疑问句
表示提问者有一定的主见,但没把握,希望对方来证实。由两部分构成,前一部分是对事物的陈述,后一部分是省略的简单问句。遵循“前肯后否,前否后肯”的原则。两部分的人称和时态要一致。对反意疑问句的回答,不管问题提法如何, 事实是肯定的,要用yes; 否定的话,用no。
- You’re from Beijing, aren’t you?
- No, I’m not. I’m from Zhengzhou.
- He didn’t pass the exam, did he? - Yes, he did.
陈述句 附加疑问句
助动词 主语
祈使句 肯定 will/won’t you
否定 will you
Let’s shall we
Let us/me will/won’t you
感叹句 \ 否定
并列句 就近一致
There be \ there
陈述句 附加疑问句
助动词 主语
有否定意义的词 no, never, nothing, nowhere, hardly, seldom, few, little 肯定 \
有否定词缀的词 helpless, dislike, unhappy 否定 \
指人的不定代词 everyone, someone, everybody, somebody, no one, nobody, none 强调个体 \ he
强调全部 \ they
指物的不定代词 everything, anything, something, nothing, this, that \ it
指示代词 this, that \ it
those, these they
祈使句
表示命令、请求等。主语是you,但通常省略,句末用感叹号或句号。肯定句的祈使句用动词原形。否定结构一般在动词前加 do not。
Close the windows, please!
Don’t open the door.
Let’s go. 咱们走吧。(包括说话人和听话人在内的“咱们”)
Let us go. (你)让我们走吧。(不包括听话人在内的“我们”)
小试牛刀