14、第3讲 人与自然-【名师伴你行】2023高考英语二轮复习专题训练教师用书课件PPT（新高考）

第3讲 人与自然 第1页 （新）高考二轮复习·英语　 　　“人与自然”是高中新课程标准必考和常考的三大主题语境之一,主要包括自然生态、环境保护、灾害防范和宇宙探索。具体指人与自然的和谐相处、人在自然界的生存、动植物保护、生态保护、自然灾害等。 第1页 （新）高考二轮复习·英语　 Goffin’s cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. In a recent experiment, cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it. The clear front of the box had a “keyhole” in a geometric shape, and the birds were given five differently shaped “keys” to choose from. Inserting the correct “key” would let out the nut. 自然生态 [高 考 真 题] (2022·全国卷甲) 第1页 （新）高考二轮复习·英语　 　　In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical(对称的) shapes. This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an “allocentric frame of reference”. In the experiment, Goffin’s cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition alone.Where trial-and-error was used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests. This indicates that Goffin’s cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space, similar to two-year-old babies. 第1页 （新）高考二轮复习·英语　 　　The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues(线索), or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections. 　　【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了戈芬氏凤头鹦鹉具有与两岁儿童相似的形状识别能力。 第1页 （新）高考二轮复习·英语　 1.How did the cockatoos get the nut from the box in the experiment? A.By following instructions. B.By using a tool. C.By turning the box around. D.By removing the lid. 答案:B　 解析:细节理解题。根据第一段的“the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage”和第二段的“In the experiment, Goffin’s cockat