内容正文:
第十二周 归纳概括题
(对应话题:文学与艺术)
在阅读理解中,具体信息有时可以直接从文章中获取,有时则需要进行归纳、概括后才能得到。答题信
息可以直接从文章中获取的,我们称之为直接信息题。需要对文中两个或多个信息点进行归纳概括的,我们
称之为归纳概括题。
[典型例题1](2021年全国乙卷·26)
MorethanhalfofAustralianhomesarestilchoosingtostickwiththeirhomephone.Ageisnaturalyafactor
(因素)—only58percentofGenerationYsstiluselandlines(座机)nowandthen,comparedto84percentof
BabyBoomerswhoveperhapshadthesamehomenumberfor50years.Ageisnttheonlyfactor;Idsayitsalsoto
dowiththemakeupofyourhousehold.
GenerationXerswithyoungfamilies,likemywifeandI,canstilfinditconvenienttohaveahomephone
ratherthanprovidingamobilephoneforeveryfamilymember.Thatsaid,tobehonesttheonlypeoplewhoever
ringourhomephoneareourBabyBoomersparents,tothepointwhereweplayagameandguesswhoiscaling
beforewepickupthephone(usingCalerIDwouldtakethefunoutofit).
◇WhatcanwesayaboutBabyBoomers?
A.Theylikesmartphonegames.
B.Theyenjoyguessingcalersidentity.
C.Theykeepusinglandlinephones.
D.Theyareatachedtotheirfamily.
点拨:由题干中的 BabyBoomers可定位到第四、五段(所选段落),由第四段中的“84percentofBaby
Boomerswhoveperhapshadthesamehomenumberfor50years(84%的婴儿潮一代可能使用一样的座机已有
50年之久)”和第五段中的“tobehonesttheonlypeoplewhoeverringourhomephoneareourBabyBoomers
parents(唯一打电话给我们家的人是我们婴儿潮时期出生的父母)”综合这两处内容可推知,婴儿潮一代一
直在使用座机,故选C项。
[典型例题2](2019年全国Ⅲ卷·31)
Thisdevelopmentdidnottakeplaceovernight.Ithadbeenpossible(butnoteasy)tobuysinglecopiesof
newspapersbefore1830爥Butthephrase“pennypaper”caughtthepublicsfancy,andsoontherewouldbepapers
thatdidindeedselforonlyapenny.
Thisnewtrendofnewspapersfor“themanonthestreet”didnotbeginwel.Someoftheearlyventures(企
业)wereimmediatefailures.Publishersalreadyinbusiness,peoplewhowereownersofsuccessfulpapers,had
litledesiretochangethetradition.Ittookafewyouthfulanddaringbusinessmentogetthebalroling.
◇Whatcanwesayaboutthebirthofthepennypaper?
A.Itwasadificultprocess. B.Itwasatemporarysuccess.
C.Itwasarobberyofthepoor. D.Itwasadisasterforprinters.
点拨:由题干中的 pennypaper可定位到第三、四段(所选段落)。第三、四段主要讲的是“便士报”的发
展历程。由“Thisdevelopmentdidnottakeplaceovernight.”“