内容正文:
第二周 主要意思题
(对应话题:计划与愿望)
任何一篇文章都是围绕某一个中心思想逐步展开的,也就是说,每篇文章都有主旨要义。事实上,把握
文章的主旨对解答其他类型的阅读题也非常有帮助。完形填空和语法填空也需要我们把握文章的主旨要
义。因此,学会快速把握文章的主旨要义非常重要。
提问方式:题干中常含有mainidea或mainlyabout:
Whatisthetextmainlyabout?(2020年全国Ⅱ卷;2020年全国Ⅲ卷;2019年全国Ⅱ卷)
Whatisthemainideaofthetext?(2018年全国Ⅰ卷)
解答主旨大意题的主要方法是找主题句,主题句通常在文首或文尾。文章首尾呼应,也可能没有主题
句,这时需根据文章内容去归纳。另外,注意以下几点:
1.段落中出现表示转折的词语(如however,but,infact,actualy,while,onthecontrary,incontrast等)
时,其后的句子很可能是主题句。
2.首段出现疑问句时,对该问题的回答很可能就是主题句。
3.作者有意识地反复强调的观点,通常是主旨。
4.反复出现的词语,一般为体现文章主旨的关键词。
5.表示总结或结论的词常有therefore,thus,inshort,conclude,conclusion等。
[典型例题](2020年全国Ⅲ卷·31)
Withtheyoungunabletoafordtoleavehomeandtheoldatriskofisolation(孤独),morefamiliesare
choosingtolivetogether.
Thedoorwaytopeaceandquiet,forNickBrightatleast,leadsstraighttohismotherinlaw:shelivesonthe
groundfloor,whilehelivesupstairswithhiswifeandtheirtwodaughters.
FouryearsagotheyalmovedintoathreestoreyVictorianhouseinBristol爥 intheUKlivingtogetherunder
thesameroof.
“Wefloatedtheideatomymumofsharingahouse,”saysKathrynWhitehead.Ritacutsin:“Wespokemore
withNickbecauseIthinkitsabigthingforNicktolivewithhismotherinlaw.”
AndwhatdoesNickthink?“Frommystandpoint,italseemstoworkverywel.WouldIrecommendit?Yes,
IthinkIwould.”
Itshardtotelexactlyhowmanypeopleagreewithhim,butresearchindicatesthatthenumbershavebeen
risingforsometime.Oficialreportssuggestthatthenumberofhouseholdswiththreegenerationslivingtogether
hadrisenfrom325,000in2001to419,000in2013.
Othervarietiesofmultigenerationalfamilyaremorecommon.Somepeoplelivewiththeirelderlyparents;
manymoreadultchildrenarereturningtothefamilyhome,iftheyeverleft.Itissaidthatabout20% of2534
yearoldslivewiththeirparents,comparedwith16% in1991.Thetotalnumberofalmultigenerationalhouseholds
inBritainisthoughttobeabout18milion爥
◇ Whatisthetextmainlyabout?
A.Lifestylesindiferentcountries. B.Conflictsbetweengenerations.
C.AhousingprobleminBritain. D.ArisingtrendoflivingintheUK.
点拨:主题句是第一段“Withtheyoungunabletoafordtoleavehome