第十三章 第三节 非谓语动词作补语（教师用书）-【高考零起点】2023年新高考英语总复习(新高考地区)

第三节　非谓语动词作补语 一、不定式作宾语补足语 1．advise，allow，ask，beg，encourage，get，force，invite，expect，order，permit，persuade，require，want，warn，teach，wish等词后面常用不定式to do作宾语补足语。 The teacher asked the boy to answer the question.老师要求男孩回答这个问题。 2．look at，see，watch，notice，observe；make，have，let；listen to，hear；feel(五“看”，三“使”，两“听”，一“感觉”)等词后面用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，表主动且动作已经完成。 I heard her sing this song.我听到她唱了这首歌。 【翻译】 他们非常了解她，是看着她从小长大的。 They knew her very well.They had seen her ________ from childhood. 【答案】 grow up 【解析】 see这个感官动词的宾补要用不带to的不定式，所以填原形 grow up。 二、分词作宾语补足语 当分词用作宾语的补足语时，与宾语有逻辑上的关系。现在分词表示主动关系，其动作与谓语动作同时进行。过去分词表示被动关系，其动作已经完成。 例1　I heard her singing an English song when I passed her room yesterday.昨天经过她的房间的时候，我听见她正在唱英文歌。 When they got there，they found the house burnt down．他们到那儿时，发现房子已被烧毁。 【翻译】 珍妮希望史密斯老师给她提供一个短期内提高英语写作能力的好方法。 Jenny hopes that Mr.Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English ______ in a short period. 【答案】 improved 【解析】 宾语her written English与improve之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词作宾补。 三、with的复合结构 “with ＋ 宾语(名词或代词)＋ 非谓语动词”，此时的非谓语动词也有形式上的变化。 With all the work finished，he happily went home.工作都做完成了，他愉快地回家了。(work与finish之间是被动关系) The man felt very happy with so many children sitting around him．有这么多的孩子坐在他周围，那个男人感到很高兴。(children与sit之间是主动关系) The little boy looks sad，with so much homework to do．有这么多的家庭作业要做，小男孩看上去很难过。(homework与do之间是主动关系，且动作在将来) 例2　With the boy ________(lead)us，we found the house easily. 【答案】 leading 【解析】 with结构在句中作状语，现在分词作宾语补足语，宾语和lead之间是主动关系，且是正在进行的动作。 用括号中动词的适当形式填空。 1．The teacher asked us ________(not make)so much noise. 2．He allowed me ________(stay)and watch. 3．I saw her ________(water)flowers in the garden when I passed by. 4．He raised his voice to make himself ________(hear)． 5．Listen！Do you hear someone ________(call)for help? 6．Did you have your homework ________(finish)? 7．—Look！There is a man ________(perform)Taiji near the river. —Wow！It's my teacher，Mr.Wu. 8．With so many people ________(look)at him，he felt very nervous. 9．They use computers to keep the traffic _______