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专题07
语法填空
题型简介
语法填空题将语法知识的考查融于一篇英语短文中,通过设置纯空格题填空和给词填空两种形式来表
现,突出考查了学生通过语境运用语法知识的能力,更能客观、准确地考察学生的语法知识水平。语法填
空题命题首先突出在以下四个方面的能力:语法加语境,语法与上下文,语法加比较辨析和情景会话用语:
其次要讲究测试面广,涉及到的语法测试点要多,这也是愈发测试的一个非常重要的特色。如语法测试体
的测试点包括动词时态、语态、情态动词、非谓语动词、名词、形容词、副词、连词、冠词、代词、介词、
复合句、强调句、感叹句、倒装句、反意疑问句、省略句和t的用法等,在这些测试项目中,动词及非谓
语动词形式又是重点中的测试重点,从这几年语法测试题看,动词的比例占有率相当大。因此语法填空题
选材必须注意:所选句子的语言形式要正确,原汁原味,所选句子的意思要清晰明了,句子的语法结构功
能可以完美地服务于句子的语义。
典例在线
Researchers say they have found microplastics ()-tiny pieces of plastic that come as a result of the
disposal of industrial waste-deep in the lungs of living 1(human)for the first time.
The research,which2(publish)in the journal Science of the Total Environment last week.is the
first study 3(identify)the plastics in the lungs of living people.The plastics have 4(previous)
been found in human blood,waste and in the depths of the ocean.
In the study,researchers5(collect)lung tissue from surgical procedures on patients as part of their
routine medical care.Researchers identified 12 types of microplastics,6are commonly found in bottles.
packaging,and clothing.along with other manufacturing processes.
The study notes7"increasing concemn"with the harm that could come with swallowing and
breathing in microplastics
The world produces about 300 million metric tons of plastic a year and about 80%ends 8 in landfills
and other parts of the environment.Microplastics can range from 10 nano-meters-9(small)than the
human eye can see-to 5 millimeters in diameter,about the size of the eraser on the end of a pencil.Researchers
have found them 10(float)in the air,in tap or bottled water,and in the sea or soil.
解题技巧
1
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有提示词类:
一、提示词为动词原形
当给出的提示词为动词时,一般会考查动词的时态、语态或者非谓语动词。
“一定三思”解“动词”
一定
分析句子结构,确定空格处是否作谓语
三思
若作谓语
若不作谓语
既不作谓语,又不是非谓语动词
需要考虑适
需要考虑是否填非谓
需要考虑是否为词类
当的时态和
语动词然后,再确定
转换,并根据上下文
语态,主谓一
填何种非谓语动词
不定式、动词-ing,
语境确定词类转换的
致及虚拟语
气
形式还是过去分词
类型
二、提示词为形容词或副词
“二步思维”破“形、
第一步:如比较等级的变化首