考点17 难点题型（二）完形填空-备战2023年中考英语一轮复习考点帮（上海专用）

考点17 难点题型（二）完形填空 中考生最为棘手的题型之一。它既考查对语法、词汇、习语、句型、搭配等基础知识的综合运用能力，又考查对短文的阅读理解能力。其中包括在具体的语境中灵活运用语言知识的能力，根据试题内容进行正确的逻辑推理，综合判断和分析概括的能力。 考向一、答题原则： 1．首句重读原则 “首句重读”指首句需重点阅读。首句很多情况是Topic sentence (主题句)，会透露文章背景和主旨。首句一般不设空，若设空，则需重点读后面的例子，例子里面会提供线索。现在很多考题都是用后面的例子印证首句。 2． 例子关联原则 例子联合起来都是去证明本文中心的，但例子与例子间有时会有正反对比关系或者平行并列关系。　 3． 最佳适用原则 4． 场景匹配原则 5. 平行并列原则 完形填空文章很多时候是围绕一个话题展开，每个段落有的时候发展模式都是差不多的，前面提到如果首句设空，除了关注到后面的例子，还可以关注下一段首句或者再下下段首句。类似的如果某段末句设空也可以关注下面一段的末句。 考向二、答题技巧： 技巧1. 充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有时可能是同义词或反义词。 例1. The 33 water supply forecast is based more on the water from the 34 than from the below. 33.A.correct B.further C.average 　 D.early 34.A.clouds B.sky C.air D.above 技巧2. 注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。 例1. He didn’t hear the bell for he was completely 52 　in reading the newspaper. 52. A. interested B centered C addicted D absorbed 技巧3. 注意同义词的辨义 技巧4. 根据动作的发出者确定所选的词 例1. And video cameras can be used to ______ people's actions at home. A. keep B. make C. record D. watch 技巧5. 根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项 例1.The explorers found that the island had good soil 37 the 200 natives living there survived with little food. 37. A. and B. but C. however D. still 技巧6. 根据生活常识以及相关知识确定选项 例1. In 1967 she was asked to work at Gallaudet University as a dorm supervisor(宿舍监管员). Shirley supervised young women who __47__ in the university during the school year. 47. A. worked B. studied C. lived D. played 技巧7. 根据作者的态度，观点，情绪来确定相关选项 例1. Life is very　 55　 , so don’t rush to make decisions. Life doesn’t let you plan. 55.A. hard 　　 B. busy 　　　 C. short　　　 D. long （2023·上海静安·统考一模）Can Animals Predict Earthquakes? Dear Scientist Sam,I noticed my dog acting very nervously only a few minutes before a recent earthquake shook the house. Is it ____1____ that my dog knew the earthquake was going to happen?