阅读理解-模拟练习一《决战高考》英语二轮复习题型专题讲解练习

模拟练习 【山东省“学情空间”区域教研共同体2022-2023学年高三上学期入学考试】 Over the last decades, we have witnessed an ever-increasing use of electronic devices, leading in turn to electronic waste (e-waste) becoming the world’s fastest growing waste stream. In 2019, a total of 53.6 Mt of e-waste was generated globally, only 17 percent of which is documented as having been managed in an environmentally sound manner, which has been pushing researchers to address the e-waste problem. Now researchers at the Cellulose & Wood Materials Laboratory have crafted a water-activated disposable (一次性的) battery made of paper and other environmentally friendly materials. The new paper battery has the same key components as traditional standard batteries. Like a traditional chemical battery, it has a positively charged side called a cathode, a negatively charged side called an anode and a conductive material called an electrolyte between the two. Instead, in the new battery, the anode and cathode are inks printed onto the front and back of a piece of paper. That paper is filled with salt. It will dissolve when you add just a couple of drops of water to the paper. The resulting saltwater solution acts as the electrolyte, which allows electrons to flow. About 20 seconds later, the battery will produce a stable 1.2 volts of electricity until the paper dries out. (For comparison, a standard AA battery provides 1.5 volts.) The researchers demonstrated that their battery could present a sustainable alternative to the more harmful batteries that are common in low-power devices, such as an alarm clock. Nyström, head of the research, even pictures a bright future where these batteries are applied to diagnostic tests in hospitals and environmental sensors, ideally with other sustainable components such as screens and packaging. “That future may not be so far off.” Nyström said hopefully. It is hard to predict a time line for producing such items on a large scale, but Nyström says he is in contact with potential industry