内容正文:
形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
1. 形容词和副词的原级比较:当相比较的两者、两部分在程度上相同或相近时,可用原级比较。结构:a. 肯定:as+原级+as 和......一样 Tom is as old as me/ Tim plays basketball as well as Mike. b. 否定:not as/so+原级+as 不如......(前者不如后者)
This book isn’t as interesting as that one. He doesn’t play as well as Jack.
2. 形容词和副词的比较级:a.当两者或两部分相比较,表示“.......比.....更.....”时,用比较级。Tom is taller than me./ He runs faster than me./Which do you like better, tea or coffee?
c.比较级的规则变化:
(1)一般在词尾加er 如:great-greater, soon-sooner.
(2)以字母e结尾的词直接加r 如:nice-nicer, late-later
(3)以辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母构成重读闭音节结构,双写最后一个辅音字母再加er.如:big-bigger, hot-hotter
(4)以辅音字母+y结尾的,把y变为i再加er.如:happy-happier, early-earlier.
(5)部分双音节和多音节词在词前加more. 如:interesting--more interesting, difficult-- more difficult
(6)以动词+ed/ing 构成的形容词变比较级前加more. 如:bore--boring--more boring,bore-bored-more bored.relax-relaxing-more relaxing. relax-relaxed-more relaxed
(7)以形容词+ly构成的副词,变比较级前加more. cheap-cheaply-more cheaply,comfortable-comfortably-more comfortably
e.比较级的用法:
(1) adj/adv比较级+than 比...更.... Eric runs faster than Lisa.
(2)the 比较级...,the比较级..., 越......,越...... The busier he is, the happier he feels.
(3)比较级 and 比较级 越来越...... The day is getting colder and colder.
(4)the +比较级+of the two...... 两者中较......的 Mary is the more beautiful of the two girls.
c.比较级的修饰语:
must/even/far/a lot/still/ a little/a bit/a great deal,倍数等词修饰
3. 形容词、副词的最高级:
a.用于三者或三者以上的人或事物之间的比较。在句中使用时,最高级前要加the,副词的最高级前可以省略the。句中常含有比较范围的介词of或in,of+一群人或事物的代词或名词,in后面一般接表示单位或场所的名词。
例句:Bill is the tallest boy of our three./Jane has the most friends in our class.
He runs the fastest of all./Who is the smartest,Tom,Jack or Mary?
It’s the hottest day this week.
b.形容词最高级的特殊用法:(1)序数词后用最高级。在表达“第几(长、大、远......)”时,序数词后用adj的最高级形式。The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
(2) 在表达“最...的...之一”时,用最高级,构成“one of the+adj最高级+可数名词复数”Mo Yan is one of the most famous writers in China.
(3) 在表达“某人的最......”时,用“某人的+adj的最高级+n”
Lisa is my best friend.
(4) “the+最高级+of/in/among...”与比较级+than any other+n单数
He is the tallest b