UNIT 1 Learning About Language-语法·提升语言能力(Word教参)-【新课程学案】新教材2022-2023学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版2019）

Learning About Language—语法·提升语言能力 课时目标 1.开展“头脑风暴”，回顾已学词汇并适当拓展，构建一个以“机器人与人工智能”为主题的词汇思维导图。培养发散思维和逻辑思维，通过联想记忆词汇。 2.在理解短文内容的基础上运用所学词汇补全短文中缺失的信息。培养在相对复杂的语境中运用词汇的能力，巩固语篇知识、增强语篇意识。 3.复习巩固动词的被动语态，强化对进行时被动语态的理解和认知，并运用所学结构进行得体的口头表达。 语法项目——复习被动语态 初识语法——在美文运用中体悟　 Xiao Ming's cellphone ①was broken by his father yesterday evening. I couldn't get through to him because the cellphone ②was being repaired then.Before this，his cellphone ③had been broken four times because he was careless.Xiao Ming liked cellphone games so much that he didn't study hard. Cellphones ④are widely used nowadays.However，many of them ⑤are being used to play games by teenagers.So far，many questions ⑥have been raised by their parents.⑦Should they be used by students? Xiao Ming's cellphone ⑧will be repaired well soon.Maybe by next Sunday the cellphone ⑨will have been brought home and ⑩will be being used to play games again. ①是一般过去时的被动语态； ②是过去进行时的被动语态； ③是过去完成时的被动语态； ④是一般现在时的被动语态； ⑤是现在进行时的被动语态； ⑥是现在完成时的被动语态； ⑦是带情态动词的被动语态； ⑧是一般将来时的被动语态； ⑨是将来完成时的被动语态； ⑩是将来进行时的被动语态。 慧学语法——运用“形式—意义—使用”三维动态语法观　 语态是动词的一种形式，用来说明主语和谓语动词之间的逻辑关系。英语中动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 一、被动语态的基本构成　 [先感知] ①It was going to be tested out by Larry's wife, Claire. ②Now she was being looked after by a robot that looked so human, and it was disturbing. ③The children are asked to clean their room every day. ④The work will have been finished by the end of next month. ⑤I received the sad news that he had been killed in a motorcycle accident. [会发现] ①句中被动语态的谓语动词的构成为： be_going_to＋be＋过去分词。 ②句中被动语态的谓语动词的构成为： be＋being＋过去分词。 ③句中被动语态的谓语动词的构成为：be＋过去分词。 ④句中被动语态的谓语动词的构成为：will_have_been＋过去分词。 ⑤句中被动语态的谓语动词的构成为：had_been＋过去分词。 [明规则] 使用被动语态的句子，谓语动词的形式是“be＋动词过去分词”。语义上主语为动作的承受者或对象，主要用于需要强调动作承受者而不必指出动作执行者的情况，或出于语篇衔接连贯的需要。一般来说，只有及物动词才有被动语态。被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上，其变化形式与系动词be的变化形式相同。以do为例： 项目 一般时态 进行时态 完成时态 现在 am/is/ are done am/is/are being done has/have been done 过去 was/were done was/were being done had been done 将来 shall/will be