Unit 1 Grammar 表语从句讲义 -2022-2023学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第二册

⾼中英语人教版选择性必修第二册unit 1 Grammar 表语从句 (The Predicative Clause) ⼀ 、表语从句的定义： 表语从句就是⽤⼀个句⼦作为表语， 放在连系动词之后， 充当复合句中的表语， ⽤来说明主语是什么或者怎么样。 The problem is puzzling. 主语连系动词形容词作表语 The problem is when we can get a pay rise. 主语连系动词⼀个句⼦作表语---表语从句 ⼆ 、表语从句的构成： 系动词+ 引导词+简单句 What I want to say is that I am tired. 三、表语从句的⽤法 1.可接表语从句的连系动词有: 1). 最常⽤连系动词： be(am; is/was; are/were)。⼀般在句⼦中译成：“是 …” China is no longer what she used to be. 2). 表变化的系动词：get; turn; go; fall; become; grow; come; run。 ⽤法注意：在英语中， 系动词⼀般只有⼀般现在时和⼀般过去时两种时态变化形式， 没有其他时态变化形式。但表变化的这类 系动词除外， 它们有各种时态变化。 It is becoming colder and colder. The food has gone bad. 此处还需注意的是become和turn后接表职业的名词时冠词的有⽆： Two years later, he became a teacher. 但Two years later, he turned teacher. 另外， go表变化时⼀般指事情向消极、不好的⽅⾯转化。 3). 所谓“感官动词”:look; sound; ta ste; smell; feel⼀般它们在句⼦中译成：“…起来； … 上去”。此类系动词为⾼考⾼频词。 The food tasted good. ⾷物尝起来很⾹。 He looked sadly at the picture. / She looked sad after hearing the news. Tom tasted the food and it tasted good. 4). 表状态的系动词： keep; stay; remain; ⼀般在句⼦中译成：“依然是；保持” She remains loyal to her father despite his cruelty towards her. What a lovely day today! I love fine weather and I hope it will stay fine for some days. Much remains to be done. 5). 表像系动词：seem; appear。⼀般在句⼦中译成：“看起来像”、“似乎”、“好像”。 这两个动词有⼀个共同的特点， 即如果要表达时态的变化， 需要后接不定式来完成。 He seemed to have caught cold. It appears to me that he wants to teach us all he has. When Father came in, Tom seemed to be eating something. 另外此处⼀句型转换也要牢记： It seemed that he had caught cold. When Father came in, it seemed that Tom was eating something. 6). 终⽌系动词： prove;turn out。⼀般在句⼦中译成：“证实、证明、结果为 …” He proved (to be) right. / The experiment turned out successful. 2.引导表语从句的关联词的种类： 1)从属连词that , that在表语从句中不充当任何句⼦成分， 也没有任何意义。 The trouble is that I have lost his address. 2)从属连词whether, as, as if /as though引导的表语从句， 有⾃⼰的含义， 但在从句中并不充当语法成分。 3)because, why引导的表语从句， 有⾃⼰的含义， 但在从句中并不充当语法成分。 That's why he didn't understand me. I think it is because you are doing too much. 注意：“That/It is because...”