2023年中考英语核心语法：宾语从句

2023届中考英语核心语法:宾语从句精讲精练(通用版) Part I 知识精讲 宾语从句概念 在复合句中充当宾语的句子叫宾语从句。在谓语动词,介词和某些形容词等后面都可以接宾语从句。 (1)动词宾语从句:位于动词后面的宾语从句。 例:He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class. 他问我们班上谁的书法最好。 (2)介词宾语从句:位于介词后面的宾语从句。 例:I agree with what you said just now. 我同意你刚才说的话。 (3)形容词宾语从句:某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句,这类形容词或过去分词有sure, glad, certain, pleased, happy, afraid, surprised, satisfied, disappointed等,引导词that可省略。 例:I am afraid that I will be late. 恐怕我要迟到了。 注意:当宾语从句较长时,为了保持句子的平衡,常把宾语从句后移,用it作形式宾语。 I think it wrong that he didn't do it by himself. 我认为他没有自己做事是错的。 She made it clear that the plan was impossible. 她已说得很明白,计划不可能实现。 要掌握好宾语从句,主要应该注意以下三个关键: 1.连接词:根据从句类型而定。 2.语序:用陈述句语序。 3.时态:根据主句中谓语动词的时态而定。(自然、科学规律及真理可以除外) 考点一:连接词: 引导词 引导词的作用 例句 that 本身无意义,只起连接作用,口语中可省略。 He said (that) the fastest way to travel was by plane. if/ whether 意为“是否”,不作句子成分,但不能省略。 Let’s see if/ whether we can find out some information about that city. what, which, who, whose, whom等连接代词 在从句中做一定的成分,如主语、宾语、定语等。 I wonder what he’s writing to me. He can’t decide which sweater he should buy. when(指时间),where(指地点),why(表原因),how(表方式)等连接副词 在从句中做状语成分 Do you know where we can stay on the island? He asked me when I was going to write a letter to Jim. I’ll tell you why I asked you to come. (1)当宾语从句是陈述句时,用that引导,常常可以省略。 They were good doctors. He told us. →He told us that they were good doctors. 注意:当句中出现两个或多个由that引导的宾语从句时,除第一个that可以省略外,其他均不可省略。 如:I'm sure(that) you know that this group was to help disabled people like me. 我相信你应该知道成立该小组是为了帮助像我这样的残疾人。 (2)当宾语从句是一般疑问句时,构成宾语从句用whether或if连接,句尾的标点符号取决于主句。 Are you a student? He asks me. →He asks me if/ whether I am a student. Does your sister get up early? Do you know? →Do you know if/ whether your sister gets up early? 注意:只能用whether而不能用if的情况: ①与or not 连用时,只能用whether. eg .I don’t know whether she will come or not . ②所引导的从句作介词的宾语时,只能用whether. eg. Everything depends on whether you work hard . ③后接带to的动词不定式时,只能用whether . eg. I didn’t know whether to laugh or to cry. ④当引导的宾语从句放句首表示强调时,只能用whether . eg. Wh