期中Unit 1 知识点总结 2022-2023学年人教版八年级英语上册

Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? A部分━语法知识点 （1）复合不定代词的用法 some any no every 复合不定代词 thing something anything nothing everything body somebody anybody nobody everybody one someone anyone no one everyone 复合不定副词 where somewhere anywhere nowhere everywhere 1、复合不定代词只相当于名词，在句子中可作主语、宾语、表语，不能作定语（即不具有形容词的性质）。 ● 含-body和-one的复合不定代词只用来代替人，在功能和意义上完全相同，可以互换。 eg. Someone/Somebody is crying in the next room.有人在隔壁房间里哭。 ● 含-thing的复合不定代词只用来指事物。 eg. Are you going to buy anything? 你打算去买东西吗？ 2、复合不定代词都作单数看待，如果充当主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 eg. Is everyone here today? 今天大家都到齐了吗？ Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.世上无难事，只怕有心人。 3、形容词修饰复合不定代词时，要放在复合不定代词的后面。 eg. Can you tell something interesting? 你能讲一些有趣的事情吗？ Did you go anywhere interesting last weekend？上周末你去什么有趣的地方了 4、和some, any用法一样，带有some的复合不定代词一般用于肯定句和请求语气的句子中，带有any的复合不定代词一般用于否定句、疑问句。 eg. I have something important to tell you. 我有一些重要的事要告诉你。 Do you have anything to say? 你有话要说吗？ ● 在表示请求、邀请、提建议等的疑问句和希望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句中，也可用含-some的复合不定代词。 eg. Would you like something to eat? 你想要吃的东西吗？ （表示建议） Could you tell me something about her？你能告诉我一些关于她的事吗？ （表示请求） Why don´t you ask someone to help you？你为什么不请人帮你呢 （表示反问） ● 含有any的复合不定代词也可以用于肯定句中，表示“任何人”或“任何事”的意思。 eg. Anything is OK.什么都行。 Anybody knows the answer. 任何人都知道答案。 练习： 一、选择题 ( ) 1. I´m hungry. I want ______ to eat. A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing ( ) 2. —Do you have ______ to say for yourself? —No, I have ______ to say. A. something; everything B. nothing; something C. everything; anything D. anything; nothing ( ) 3. Why not ask ______ to help you? A. everyone B. someone C. anyone D. none ( ) 4. Everything ______ ready. We can start now. A. are B. is C. be D. were ( ) 5. There´s ______ with his eyes. He´s OK. A. anything wrong B. wrong something C. nothing wrong D. wrong nothing ( ) 6. She listened carefully, but heard ______. A. anyone B. Someone C. everyone D. nothing ( ) 7. I agree with most of what yo