Unit 1 Words and expressions学案 2022-2023学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册

WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS 2 1.patriot n.[C]爱国者 patriotic adj. 爱国的 patriotically adv.爱国地/忧国地 patriotism n. 爱国主义；爱国精神 basic--basically economic--economically scientific--scientifically energetic--energetically automatic--automatically dramatic--dramatically academic--academically magic--magically 除public外---publicly 2.mechanical adj. 机械的；发动机的 源于拉丁语machina 机器，引擎，装置，设施，诡计 mechanic n.机械师 3. break out (战争/火灾/疾病)爆发/突然开始(不及物) break down（机器或车辆）出故障；垮掉；失败；消除；分解 break in 非法闯入；打断（谈话）/插嘴 break into强行闯入；突然开始（笑/唱/鼓掌等） break up 破碎；分手；解散；拆开 break away from 脱离；挣脱 1)Her health broke ______under the pressure of work. 2)They had escaped to America shortly before war broke ______. 3)You must break _______ such a bad habit. 4)We had our car broken _______ last week . 5)Police had to break ____ the crowd to maintain order of the meeting. 6)他突然露出笑容，说道：“我给你买了样东西。”（非谓语） Breaking into a smile, he said, “I bought you something.” 4.aviation [ˌeɪvi'eɪʃn] n.航空制造业; 航空; 飞行 avi 鸟 + ation 行为，过程，状态，结果 → 像鸟〔在空中飞〕→ 飞行 avi 鸟 + ator 表人 → 像鸟一样飞翔的人 → 飞行员 aviator n. 飞行员 5.defend v.保卫; 防守; 辩解(近义词：guard,protect) ①defend A from/against B 保护A以免受B； ②in defence of 保护；为……辩护 defence/defense n. 防御; 国防 defensive adj.防御的 1)All mothers will try their best to defend their children ______damage. 2)The leader's speech _____ defence of the policy didn't carry much conviction. 3)我们应该向保卫祖国而牺牲了的军人表示敬意。 We should pay respects to soldiers who died in defence of our country. 6.jet n.喷气式飞机 jet plane 喷气式飞机 The water jetted out.一股水喷涌而出。 7.missile n.导弹 fire〔launch〕a missile 发射导弹 8.assistant n.助理; 助手 assist v.帮助 ①assist sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 =assist sb. to do sth. =assist sb. in doing sth. assistance n.帮助 ②with the assistance of/under one’s assistance 在……的帮助下 ③come/go to one’s assistance 来/去帮助某人 1)The teacher assists the children _______ their tasks. =The teacher assists the children _______(finish) their tasks. =The teacher assists the children in finishing their tasks. 2)他只能靠拐