2023年初升高语法专题定语从句课件

初升高语法专题 定语从句 1 life-loving positive delighted liberal romantic smart 我是一个崇尚自由，追求浪漫的人。 I am a liberal and romantic person. I am a person who is liberal and romantic 关系词 2 介词+关系词 3 如何选择关系词 4 1 引入部分，什么是定语 Wendy is a beautiful girl. 温蒂是个美丽的女孩儿。 定语 定： 修饰，限定，修饰名词代词的词 Wendy is a girl who is beautiful. 定语从句 由一句话来作定语 定语从句的定义 Wendy is a girl who is very beautiful. 定语从句的两个要素 先行词：被修饰的名词或者代词 关系词：1）用来引导定语从句 2）代替先行词在句中做成分 关系代词：1）用来引导定语从句 2）代替先行词在句中做主语，宾语 关系副词：1）用来引导定语从句 2）代替先行词在句中做状语 非限制性定语从句： 对先行词提供一些附加情况，起补充说 明作用，若删除对句子不造成影响，既可修饰先行词也可修饰整个主句。 Luxun, who was born in Shaoshing, was a famous writer. 鲁迅出生在绍兴，是一位著名的作家。 Yesterday we paid a visit to the house in which LuXun lived. Yesterday we paid a visit to the house which LuXun lived in. 介词+关系词 Sunday is the day on which（when）very few people go to work.星期日是几乎没有人上班的日子。 “介词+ which/ whom”在定语从句中作时间、地点、原因状语，相当于关系副词 when, where 及 why o 即：介词+ which/ whom=when, where, why The school（that / which）he once studied in is very famous. The school in which he once studied is very famous. 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom;指物时用which, that —般不位于介词之后。 I never forget the year in which my son went to college. 我永远不能 忘记我儿子上大学那一年。 Have you found the book on which I spend $ 10? 你找到我花10 美元买的那本书了吗？ “介词+关系代词”中介词的选用，要考虑两个因素:定语从句中先行词的搭配；定语从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯。 关系词 1）who, whom的用法 Who在定语从句中做主语，宾语; 做宾语可省略 The girl who is in red is Lily. （做_________,不可省略） I like the person who you are talking to 作___________, 可用whom/that 替换或者省略 2. Whom 在句中作宾语，限制性定语从句可省略，非限制性定语从句不可省 I happened to meet the professor whom I got to know at a party yesterday. （作___________, 可省略） 主语 宾语 宾语 关系代词 主语： Who 和whom 最大的区别就是，who可作主语和宾语，whom只能作宾语 2）whose 的用法 Whose 的先行词既可指人，也可指物。在定语从句中作定语。 Whose= the + n. + of which/ whom Eg: This is the scientist whose achievements are well known. （whose 指人） = This is the scientist, ______________ the achievements are well known. Eg. I’d like a room whose window faces the sea. （whose 指物） I’d like a room __________ the window faces the sea. of whom of which 3). 限制性定语从句中