2023届中职高三英语二轮复习课件：动词之语态专题

被动语态 主讲人：张婷Tina 2 含义 现在完成时经常表示在以前某个时间已经发生的行为或曾经做过的事情对现在有某种影响；或从过去到一直延续到现在的动作，包含“已完成”“未完成”两种意义。 含义： 语态是动词的一种形式，它表示主语和谓语的关系。语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。被动语态是指主语是动作的承受者时动词的语态形式。 含义 现在完成时经常表示在以前某个时间已经发生的行为或曾经做过的事情对现在有某种影响；或从过去到一直延续到现在的动作，包含“已完成”“未完成”两种意义。 如果主语是动作的执行者，要用主动语态； Many people speak English. He opened the door. We can repair this watch in two days. 如果主语是动作的承受者，则用被动语态。 English is spoken by many people. The door was opened.门被开了。 This watch can be repaired by us in two days. 含义 现在完成时经常表示在以前某个时间已经发生的行为或曾经做过的事情对现在有某种影响；或从过去到一直延续到现在的动作，包含“已完成”“未完成”两种意义。 两种语态的相互转换： Lots of people speak English in the world. 主（执行者） 谓 宾(承受者) English is spoken by lots of people in the world. 被动语态用法 动词的语态分为主动语态和被动语态。主动语态变被动语态的方法： 1、My aunt invited me to her dinner party. 主语 谓语 宾语 → I was invited (by my aunt ) to her dinner party. 主语 谓语 宾语 步骤一：把宾语变主语，主语变宾语，变后的宾语前加介词by。（有时by短语可以省略） 步骤二：谓语动词变为“过去分词done。 步骤三：done前面都要借be动词，具体看主动语态的时态（一般现在：am/is/are；一般过去：was/were；一般将来：be；进行时：being；完成时：done；情态动词：be） 步骤四：其他成分不变照抄。 时态 主动语态 被动语态 例句 一般现在时 do/does am/is/are+done I eat an apple. An apple is eaten by me. 一般过去时 did was/were+done I ate an apple yesterday. An apple was eaten by me yesterday. 一般将来时 will/shall+do will/shall+be done I will eat an apple tommorow. An apple will be eaten by me tommorow. 现在、过去进行时 am/is/are、 was/were+doing am/is/are、 was/were+being+done I am/was eating an apple. An apple is/was being eaten by me. 时态 主动语态 被动语态 例句 现在、过去完成时 have/has/had +done have/has/had +been+done I have eaten an apple. An apple has been eaten by me. 含情态动词 can/should/ may/must+do can/should/may/ must+be done I can eat an apple. An apple can be eaten by me. 一般现在时的被动语态: am / is / are+done 一般过去时的被动语态: was / were+done 一般将来时的被动语态: will be+done 现在/过去进行时的被动语态:am/is/are/was/were+ being+done 现在完成时的被动语态: have / has+been+done 含有情态动词的被动语态: 情态动词+be+done 简单 较难 被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成，而时态通过be来体现 1、不知道（动作的执行者是谁） Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。 2