2023年中考英语定语从句课件

2/9/2023 定语从句 1 目录 CONTENTS 定语从句定义 01. 02. 关系代词 03. 关系副词 非限制性定语从句 04. 2 思考:以下短语中哪部分是定语? 1. 一个红的坏苹果 2. 两个正在吵架的人 3. 她说刘德华是她曾经喜欢的歌手。 4. 被批评的员工 5. 我吃了一个李明的妈妈给我的苹果。 总结: 定语,以“白勺的”结尾,对被修饰词起到修饰描述的作用。 定语从句:修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的词之后。 分类:定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。 先行词:被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。 关系代词:that, which, who, whom, whose, as等; 关系副词:when, where, why等 提示: 关系词在定语从句中有三大作用 1. 连接作用——连接先行词和定语从句。 2. 替代作用——在定语从句中替代从句所修饰的先行词。 3. 成分作用——在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语或状语。 例:The man ( who is shaking hands with my father) is a policeman. 分析:该句中,who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句,修饰先行词the man, “who”是引导定语从句的关系词,在定语从句中代替先行词the man,在定语从句中作主语。 关系代词 关系代词:that, which, who, whom, whose: 1. that 指人指物皆可。指人时,相当于who 或whom;指物时,相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时常可省略。 He is the man that lives next door. Where is the man that I saw this morning? I don’t like stories that have unhappy endings. The dress that Ann bought doesn’t fit her very well. 关系代词 关系代词:that, which, who, whom, whose: 2. which 指物,也可以指前面句子的部分或全部内容。在定语从句中做主语或宾语,做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. This is the pen which he bought yesterday. 关系代词 关系代词:that, which, who, whom, whose: 3. who 指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。 That is the teacher who teaches us physics. She is the girl who the teacher often praises. 关系代词 关系代词:that, which, who, whom, whose: 4. whom 指人,在定语从句中做宾语,常可省略,在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替。 Li Ming is just the boy whom I want to see. She is the student whom Ms. Zhang always praises. 关系代词 关系代词:that, which, who, whom, whose: 5. whose 指人、物皆可,与后面的名词有所属关系,在定语从句中做定语。 He has a friend whose father is a doctor. I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. 我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。 特殊情况 当先行词指物,但只能用that的情况如下: 1. 当先行词为不定代词,如anything, everything, nothing, none, one, all, little, few, much 等,或先行词被all, little, few, much, any, only, the every, every, no等修饰。 All that is needed is oil. Finally, the thief handed everyting that he had stolen to the police. This is the only problem that remains to be settled. 2. 先行词是序数词/最高级形容词时,或先行