内容正文:
专题01 第三讲 非谓语动词的变化
---2023年高考英语精准突破语法【重点难点易错点】
【考点解读】
非谓语动词的变化主要体现在三种基本形式。即-to do, -doing, -done, 在句中用作主语、表语、状语、定语、宾语和宾语补足语。其中,非谓语用作定语和状语是考查的重点和难点。
【考点定位】
1.若一个句子中有谓语动词,但没有连词,则所给动词用非谓语动词形式。
2.分析非谓语动词在句中充当的句子成分和具体用法
【解题思路】
考点一 非谓语动词作定语
1.【2022年全国甲卷】A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ___11___ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.
2.【2022年全国甲卷】Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ___13___ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road.
3. 【2022年全国乙卷】It can help to build a community with a ___26___ (share) future for mankind,” he said.
4.【2022年浙江卷6月】Blind people recognize shapes with their ____40____ (exist) senses, in a way similar to that of sighted people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist.
5.【2022年浙江卷1月】The researchers described “striking changes” in the geography of BMI. Tn 1985,urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries ____77____ (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas.
突破技巧
技巧 1
判断动词与被修饰的名词之间的关系:若为主谓关系就用-doing形式或动词不定式的主动式;若为动宾关系就用被动的非谓语动词(过去分词、-doing的被动式、不定式的被动式)
技巧 2
判断动作发生的时间:若表示将来,用不定式;若表示动作正在进行,用现在分词;若表示动作已经完成或结束,用过去分词。
解题必备
✍ 被修饰的名词是抽象名词时,用不定式作定语,如 ability, chance. idea, fact, excuse, promise. reply, attempt, belief, way, reason, moment, time, plan 等。
✍ the first, the second. the last, the next, the only等作名词或者修饰名词或代词时,常用不定式作定语。
✍ 动词-ing形式作定语:动词-ing形式作定语时,它修饰的名词与该动作之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,表示动作的主动和进行。
✍ 过去分词作定语:过去分词作定语时与它修饰的名词之间为逆辑上的动宾关系,表示动作的被动和完成。
✍ 不定式做定语通常放在所修饰的词之后,表示将来的动作。不定式与所修饰的词之间往往是动宾关系,若不定式是不及物动词,其后常跟介词。
考点二 非谓语动词作状语
高考透视
1.【2022年全国甲卷】He flew 4, 700 kilometers from Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, ____20____ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
2. 【2022年新高考I卷】__1___ (cover)an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
3.【2022年新高考I