Unit1 Grammar and usage主谓一致学案 2022-2023学年高中英语牛津译林版必修第二册

主谓一致 在英语的句子中,谓语动词的形式应与主语的人称和数保持一致。 一、语法一致原则 I、只要确定句子的主语是单数意义,则谓语用单数,句子的主语意义复数,则谓语用复数。 1. 不可数名词、可数名词的单数形式以及单数代词作主语,一律视为单数。某些以s结尾的单数名词作 主语,仍视为单数。 No news is good news. His task was to collect information. The book is on the table. He is reading English. 2. 不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 如: Serving the people is my great happiness. 为人民服务是我最大的幸福. Buying clothes is often a time-consuming job. To understand the situation completely _ (require)more thought than has been given thus far. When we’ll go out for an outing _( have) been decided. What surprised me most _ (be) his attitude towards his study. What we need is more time. 但what 引导的主语从句所指的具体内容是复数意义时,谓语动词一般用复数形式. What we need _ (be) good teachers. 3.表示时间、金钱、距离、重量、数量的复数名词作主语,通常看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数。 Ten pounds was missing from the box. Three years is not a long time. Ten dollars _ (be) what he needs. Five hundred miles _ (be) a long distance. Three months _ (pass) since he left. 4.专有名词常作为整体看待(如人名、地点、国家、组织、剧名、电影名、书籍、报刊等),动词用单数形式。如: The United States is in North America. The United Nations has passed a resolution(决议)。 “The Arabian Nights”(《天方夜谭》)_ (be) an interesting book. Great Expectations _ (be) written by Charles Dickens in 1860. 注意: 以-ics结尾的学科名词做主语时:如politics, physics, mathematics, economics(经济学), statistics等,谓语用单数。 Politics is my favorite subject. 有两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数形式。glasses, clothes, trousers , remains(遗迹,遗址), chopsticks (筷子),scissors(剪刀),goods(货物)等。 His glasses are black. Your new trousers look very nice. The goods are made in China.这些货物都是中国制造的 如果主语用“a kind of, a pair of , a series of等加名词”构成时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。如: A new pair of shoes _(be) on the desk.桌子上有一双鞋。 II、1. 用and或both…and连接并列主语,其内容是复数的,谓语动词用复数。 Both my brother and my sister are workers.我的哥哥和姐姐都是工人。 Bread and rice have been eaten up. The teacher and the writer _(have/ has) already come to the meeting. The teacher and writer _(have/ has) already come to the meeting. 2. “the +adj(-ing\-ed).”结构指一类人时,谓语动词用复数。这类词有the brave,the poor,the rich,the blind,the yo