内容正文:
课 题
八下提分专项练:宾语从句
年 级
八年级下
相关模块
M8-M10
姓 名
日 期
· 知 识 导 航
一、宾语从句的定义
一个句子充当宾语,这种做宾语的句子叫宾语从句。
动宾结构
主语 谓语 宾语从句
回顾:什么是宾语。宾语是跟在动作后面的东西或人。(找宾语)
I know you.
I know that you are clever.
说出下面三个句子的主句和从句:
1) He said that he had a very good journey. (动宾结构)
Can you tell me where you will go?
2) I agree with what you said. (介宾结构)
3) I am afraid that I will be late. (系表结构)
(P.S.系表结构常用的形容词包括:happy, pleased, glad, satisfied, sure, certain, afraid, surprised)
宾语从句的分类:
1. 动词宾语从句:顾名思义,它是位于动词后面的宾语从句。
如:He said that he had a very good journey.
2. 介词宾语从句:顾名思义,它是位于介词后面的宾语从句。
如:I agree with what you said.
3. 形容词宾语从句:顾名思义,它是位于形容词后面的宾语从句。
如:I am afraid that I will be late.
二、宾语从句的引导词(连接词)
1. 从句是陈述句:that/不填。无含义,可省略。that引导动词或形容词的宾语,一般不作介词的宾语。例如:
1) Tom said that he felt a bit down. → He said he felt a bit down.
2) I am sorry that you are not happy. → I am sorry you are not happy.
注:陈述句包括肯定句、否定句。
注意: 在以下情况下,that不能省略。
1) 当出现两个或两个以上的that引导宾语从句时,第一个that可以省略,其他的不能省略。
She told me(that)the film was very good and that she wanted to see it again.
2) 当宾语从句的主语是this/that时,引导词that不能省略。
She said that that was a secret.
3) 当that引导的宾语从句中又有从句时,that不能省略。
Studies show that if you are interested in something.
2. 从句是一般疑问句:whether, if ,表“是否”。常用在ask, wonder, can(could) you tell me 等后。例如:
一般疑问句是 句首为助动词/be动词/情态动词的句子,需要用“Yes”或“No”来回答。
I doubt whether Loki died.
(Did Loki died?是一般疑问句,能用yes/no来回答)
【例题1】 Do you have a pen friend?Mary asked me.(合并成一句)
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注意:一般情况下,if和whether可以互换,但在特殊情况下,只能用whether,例如:
1) 在动词不定式之前,只能用whether,例如:
I can’t decide whether to stay. (我不能决定是否留下)
2) 在whether...or not的固定搭配中,只能用whether,例如:
I want to know whether it’s good news or not. (我想知道是否是好消息)
3) 在介词后,只能用whether,例如:
His father is worried about whether he will lose his work. (他的父亲担心是否会失去工作)
4) 宾语从句放句首表示强调时,只能用whether,例如:
Whether this is true or not, I really don’t know. (这是否真实,我不知道。)
3. 由(8个w,1个h)引导的宾语从句,引导词具有意义,不