Unit 4 Natural Disasters 单元检测-2022-2023学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

人教版高中英语必修一

Unit4 Natural Disasters.

 

第I卷（选择题）

一、完形填空（共15分）

    On December 26, 2004, a 10-minute-long earthquake with a 9.3 magnitude took place in the Indian Ocean. This earthquake, which is the third   (1)   ever recorded in history, caused powerful tsunamis(海啸) that reached many countries'   (2)  . About 230,000 people were   (3)   by the disaster. Hundreds of thousands of others were injured   (4)   disappeared. One of them is a little   (5)   named Wati.
    The tsunami   (6)   her hometown of Aceh when she was only 3 years old. Like so many others, the huge waves separated her from her family, and she was   (7)   to an unknown town. After days of   (8)  , her family eventually gave up and thought she had   (9)  .
    However, Wati had been   (10)   by a stranger who found her on the street after the tsunami. The stranger had tried to find her family, but Wati could not   (11)   the names of her parents and only knew that she had a grandfather named Ibraham.
      (12)   later, a taxi driver who heard Wati's story happened to know an old man with that name in a nearby town and decided to take her to him. Although the old man did not   (13)   her at first, he took Wati to see his   (14)  .
    "When I saw my mother, I knew it was her," said the 15-year-old Wati. "I just knew."
    The parents recognized their daughter   (15)   because of the birthmark on the body.

1.   A. weakest B. strongest C. quickest D. deepest

2.   A. castles B. parks C. goals D. shores

3.   A. frightened B. saved C. killed D. helped

4.   A. or B. and C. but D. so

5.   A. boy B. pet C. girl D. town

6.   A. hit B. cut C. pushed D. missed

7.   A. sold B. washed C. invited D. asked

8.   A. wait B. walk C. fight D. search

9.   A. died B. won C. run away D. checked in

10.   A. hidden B. rescued C. bought D. refused

11.   A. write B. show C. remember D. see

12.   A. Days B. Weeks C. Months D. Years

13.   A. know B. recognize C. want D. understand

14.   A. daughter B. mother C. son D. father

15.   A. anxiously B. calmly C. officially D. immediately

二、阅读理解（共30分）

A

In mid-November of 1963, an island was born in the North Atlantic, some 20 miles off the southwestern coast of Iceland. It had given only one sign of its coming. For three days, farmers on the neighboring Vestmann Islands had noticed a bad smell in the air like the odor of rotten eggs.

Early in the morning of November 14, the captain of an Icelandic fishing ship saw black columns erupting from the sea through his telescopes. He suspected that he was seeing a volcano rising from the ocean. The hours that followed proved him right. He was watching the volcanic eruption that built the island later named Surtsey.

Some days earlier, a volcano had started to erupt 425 feet below the surface of the sea. It poured out gases and volcanic ash and cinder. They began to build a mountain. By the morning of November 15 the top of the volcano was 33 feet above the water and still growing rapidly. Columns of smoke and gases rose two miles into the air. Violent eruptions continued through the winter. In April 1964, the violent eruptions stopped and lava began to flow. Surtsey, it seemed, had come to stay.

To earth scientists and to biologists Surtsey was endlessly fascinating. It offered a chance to study a new volcano, to see new land take shape. Earth scientists hoped that by studying what was happening to Surtsey they would gain a better understanding of the forces behind its growth.

Surtsey rose from a huge underwater mountain range that runs down the middle of the Atlantic Ocean and is called the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The ridge is the center of many earthquakes, and it is highly volcanic. Here and there its volcanic action has built mountains that thrust(猛推) through the surface of the ocean, creating small islands such as Surtsey. Long ago vast outpourings of lava from the ridge built the big island of Iceland.

The ridge, however, is much more than a builder of islands. It is a sign of powerful forces at work within the earth. Many earth scientists are certain that these same forces are builders of continents and mountains and are the cause of the earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. They see the ridge as a key to understanding the most basic secrets of the earth. These forces helped to shape our planet when it was young, to give it land and sea and air, and so to make it the kind of planet where life could develop.

16. What was the very first sign of Surtsey?

A. Smoke. B. Explosions.
C. An unusual smell. D. A violent storm.

17.  What do we know about Surtsey?

A. It was a huge underwater mountain range.
B. It is located 20 miles off Vestmann Islands.
C. It took Surtsey almost one year to come into being.
D. It was produced by the strong forces within the earth.

18.  Why is studying Surtsey important to scientists?

A. It tells more about the formation of the earth.
B. It warns people of dangerous volcanic eruptions.
C. It leads to the discovery of new energy sources.
D. It helps predict when new islands will be formed.

19.  What is the passage mainly about?

A. How an island was born.
B. Where Surtsey rose from.
C. What are the secrets to volcanic eruptions.
D. Why the Mid-Atlantic Ridge is important.

B

    Having lived in California until 1970, my family has felt a number of earthquakes. We have been fortunate, however, to have suffered no bodily harm or property damage.
    There is a website that lists all Californian earthquakes recorded from 1769 to the present. The site lists the dates and time as well as the magnitude (震级) and the exact location of any earthquake that measured more than 6.0. There are only a few earthquakes that stand out in my memory and, luckily, none is shown in the website. So, my personal experience with earthquakes might be considered insignificant.
    There are three earthquakes that are difficult to forget. The first one was in 1955 and our oldest daughter was walking with me in our backyard in Redwood City in California. As the shaking became stronger, I held her to me with one arm as I held on to one of our fruit trees with the other. All three of us (my daughter, I and the tree) shook for two or three minutes that to us felt like hours.
    The second one was in 1963. Our entire family was visiting Disneyland in Southern California. The earth started to shake just as we were beginning to walk from our hotel towards the famous landmark.
    My third experience with an earthquake was a lonely one in California. It was in my sixties and I was alone in an old church. As the building started to shake, I quickly headed

for the door to go outside. I remember I said a few prayers—something like "Help me get out of here in time, dear Heavenly Father." Minutes later, I was safe outside.

20.  The author writes the passage mainly to tell us about ________.

A. a new film about an earthquake
B. how to survive an earthquake
C. his three earthquake experiences
D. how to save children in an earthquake

21.  The earthquakes the author experienced ________.

A. all caused bodily harm B. are all recorded in a website
C. all measured more than 6.0 D. all happened in California

22.  When the first earthquake happened, the author ________.

A. was staying with his daughter
B. was planting fruit trees
C. was holding on to a tree for hours
D. was in a hotel

23.  What does the underlined part "the famous landmark" refer to?

A. A church.
B. Disneyland.
C. A building destroyed by an earthquake.
D. The place where the author was born.

C

Making employees feel happy and healthy at work is good for many businesses. But it isnˈt always an easy thing. A research suggests that just 33% of the U.S. employees consider themselves fully engaged（投身于）at work, while 16% are actively disengaged, and 51% are just showing up.

But there is an exception. When it comes to employee engagement, it seems that employees in small companies are doing better. According to the same research, the largest U.S. companies have the lowest levels of engagement, while companies with fewer than 25 employees have the highest. And in one recent report, 75 percent of small business workers surveyed said they were “very” or “extremely” satisfied with their role as a small company employee.

Unlike big companies, small companies are often short of resources but the employees can get more surprises there. Small companies offer excellent career opportunities to their employees. The bosses often know their staff very well and understand their personal needs. Employees of small companies are more likely to receive free meals, paid leave, and they can even bring their pets to work.

But of course, thereˈre many other draws in small businesses. One of the top draws is flexible scheduling（弹性工时）. Another is being able to really see the fruits of oneˈs labor. Besides, non-cash award is also a big draw. This could be something small that reflects employeesˈ interests and lifestyles.

While a parental leave might lead to some financial problems, small companies may do something to improve it. “It may be impossible for a five-person team to be reduced to four for six months.” writes Camilla Velasquez, head of HR management platform, Justworks. “But it could be possible to allow new parents to take on reduced hours in a work-from-home environment.” This kind of method has been realized in some small companies.

24.  What can we infer from Paragraph 2?

A. Employees can develop better in small companies
B. Employees can earn more money in small companies.
C. Employees in big companies are hard to be satisfied.
D. Employees in small companies are more engaged at work.