内容正文:
代词
一 人称代词和物主代词的应用
1. 由and连接两个单数名词时,人称代词使用they。
Our food and service are better than they used to be.
Your food and service are better than ours.
2. 由or或nor连接两个单数名词,其人称代词和物主代词使用单数形式,性与or或nor后面的名词一致。
Neither the boy nor his sister got what she wanted.
3. 由or,nor,either…or,neither…nor,not only…but also连接一个单数一个复数形式的两个名词时,其人称代词和物主代词的性与数与or,nor,but also后面的名词一致。
Not only his sisters but also the boy got what he wanted.
4. 当every或each修饰由and连接的两个单数名词时,其人称代词和物主代词均使用单数形式。
Every bus and ferry company claimed that it would offer a better service if its fares were raised.
5. 当every或each修饰由and连接的两个单数名词是一男一女时,其人称代词和物主代词使用he和his。
Every man and woman has his own rights.
6. every或each修饰由and连接的两个单数名词属性不能做出判断时,人称代词和物主代词使用he和his。
Each typist and office-boy got the bonus he was entitled to at the end of the year.
7. 人称代词作主语时使用主格形式,作宾语时使用宾格形式。
Precisely the same thought sent the three of us in two directions,them to San Francisco and me to New York.
8. 人称代词作表语或主语补足语时,使用主格形式。在口语中,作表语用的人称代词常用宾格形式。
The only witnesses to the murder were David and I.
—Who is knocking at the door?—It is me.(通常不说It is him/her/us/them.)
9. to be用作主语补足语时,后面的人称代词使用主格形式;用作宾语补足语时,后面的人称代词使用宾格形式。
The criminal turned out to be he.
I took David to be him.
人称代词用作主语补足语(表语)或其中一部分时,使用主格形式;用作宾语补足语或其中一部分时,使用宾格形式。
10.在电话用语中,使用主格形式作表语。
—May I speak to David? —This is he speaking.(This is David.)
11.当I或me与其他人称代词或名词连用时,I或me应该放在最后。
Mother and I went shopping yesterday.
The few people who know the answer include you and me.
12.人称代词和物主代词在人称、性和数等方面应该与其所指代的名词相一致。
Every child has its own style of dressing.
13.she有时可以用来替代物,如祖国、国家、大地、月亮、船只、学校、汽车、飞机等,具有“亲切”、“爱
慕”等感情色彩。
Oxford taught me as much English as she could.
14.替代anybody(anyone)、everybody(everyone)、nobody(no one)的人称代词用he,物主代词用his。
Nobody in his right senses would do such a silly thing.
在英国英语中,尤其在口语中,替代anybody(anyone)、everybody(everyone)、nobody(no one)的人称代词使用they,物主代词使用their。
If anybody comes,they will be welcome.
15.名词性物主代词可以作句中的主语、宾语或表语。
Mine is an English dicti