第十八章 名词性从句 讲义 2023届高考英语语法专题一轮复习

第十八章 名词性从句 一、名词性从句的分类 名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。它是中学尤其是高中教材中的一项重要语法内容，是高中英语教学的重点和难点，也是每年高考的必考项目。 (一)主语从句 在复合句中起主语作用的从句叫主语从句。引导主语从句的词有从属连词、连接代词、关系代词、连接副词等。 1)由从属连词that，whether引导的主语从句 1._______you don’t like him is none of my business. A.That B.Who C.What D.Whether 2.________the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not Known yet. A.Whenever B.If C.Whether D.That 3._______we will go camping tomorrow depends on the weather(1996) A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where 4._______ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A. There B. This C. That D. It 5.It worried her a bit_______her hair was turning grey. A.while B.if C.that D.for 从属连词that，whether在主语从句中的作用只是引导主语从句，它们在从句中不担任成分，不能省略。如: That the earth is round is true.地球是圆的，是一个事实。 That they will go is certain.他们去是肯定的。 Whether she's coming or not doesn't matter too much.她来不来没有多大关系。 如果主语从句太长，为避免句子结构头重脚轻，我们可用it作形式主语，而把主语从句放在主句谓语部分之后。如上述3句可转换成: It is true that the earth is round. It is certain that they will go. It doesn't matter too much whether she's coming or not. 2)由连接代词引导的主语从句 连接代词who，which引导主语从句时，它们分别在从句中担任主语、宾语或定语，不能省略。如: Who made the long distance call is not important.谁打的长途电话并不重要。 Who let out the news remained unknown.谁泄露了那个消息仍旧无人知道。 It is still unknown which team will win the match.还不知道哪个队会赢得这场比赛。 3)由关系代词引导的主语从句 what有时可用来表示the thing(s)which这种意思，引导从句，表示一样东西域一件事情，译为"……的东西/事情"，这种用法的what称为关系代词型what，who，whom，which，what可以和ever构成合成词，和what一样引导从句，ever起强调作用。这些关系词在句子中充当成分，所以不能省略。此类主语从句不能用形式主语it引导。如: What I need (=The thing which I need) is a mobile phone.我所需要的是一部移动电话。 What he said at the meeting is important.他在会议上所说的(事情)是重要的。 Whoever leaves the office (=Any one who leaves the office)should tell me.无论是谁离开办公室都应该告诉我。 4)由连接副词引导的主语从句 连接副词有when，where，how，why，它们在从句中担任状语，不能省略。此类主语从句可以转换为以it作形式主语的句子。如: Why he didn't come here is not clear to anyone.他为什么没来谁也不清楚。 How a telephone works is a question which not everyone can answ