虚拟语气课件-2023届高三英语二轮复习

虚拟语气 subjunctive mood 目录 content 一 虚拟语气用于条件状语从句 1 if 条件句中的虚拟语气 2 混合虚拟语气 3 含蓄虚拟语气 4 虚拟条件状语从句中的倒装和省略 目录 content 二 虚拟语气在其他从句中的运用 1 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用 2 虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用 3 虚拟语气在同位语从句、表语从句中的运用 4 虚拟语气在定语从句中的运用 5 虚拟语气用于as if / as though 引导的从句 6 7 8 虚拟语气用于even if /even though 引导的从句 虚拟语气在if only 条件句中的运用 虚拟语气在简单句中的运用 虚拟语气用于条件状语从句 if 条件句中的虚拟语气 从句 主句 与现在事实相反 If +主语+动词的过去式(be 用were ) 主语+would/should/could/ might+动词原形 与过去事实相反 If+主语+had+过去分词 主语+would/should/could/ might + have+过去分词 与将来事实相反 If+主语+动词的过去式/should+动词原形/were to +动词原形 主语 + would / should /could/might+动词原形 if 条件句中的虚拟语气 例如: If I were you , I would accept his apology. 如果我是你,我就接受他的道歉。(与现在事实相反) What would you do if you had a million dollars? 如果你有100万美元,你会做什么呢?(与现在事实相反) ——Do you think George has passed the driving test ? ——No.If so,he would have driven his car to our college yesterday. ——你认为乔治通过驾照考试了吗? ——没有。要是考过了,他昨天就开车到我们大学来了。(与过去事实相反) If it were to be/should be/were sunny tomorrow , we would go out for a picnic. 如果明天天气晴朗,我们会出去野餐。(与将来事实相反) 混合虚拟语气 有时主句和从句的动作不是发生在同一时间,这叫混合虚拟语气或错综虚拟语气,这时主从句动词形式要根据具体时间而定。例如: If it had rained even a drop , things would be much better now! 如果当初下一点雨,现在的情况就会好很多!(从句是对过去的假设,主句是对现在的假设) If I were you , I would have taken his advice. 如果我是你,我就接受了他的意见。(从句是对现在的假设,主句是对过去的假设) If we shouldn’t have an exam this afternoon , we would go shopping now. 如果我们今天下午不考试,我们现在就去购物了。(从句是对将来的假设,主句是对现在的假设) If we hadn’t made preparations , we shouldn’t dare to do the experiment next week. 如果我们没有做准备工作,我们下周就不敢做实验了。(从句是对过去的假设,主句是对将来的假设) 含蓄虚拟语气 有时假设的情况并不用条件状语从向表示出来,而是通过介词(短语)(如:but for, without等) 、上下文、连词或起连词作用的短语(如:or,but, but that, for fear that,in case,,supposing等)或其他方式表现出来,这种句子称为“含蓄条件句”。 例如:But for the help of my English teacher, I would not have won the first prize in the English Writing Competition. 要不是我的英语老师的帮助,我不会获得英语写作竞赛一等奖。 Without air, there would be no living things. 如果没有空气的话,就不会有生物了。 I would have come sooner but I didn‘t know that they were waiting for me. 我不知道他们正在等我,否则,我就会早点来了。 Take an umbrella with you in case it should rain