Unit 3 B Grammar activity （课件）英语沪教版2020选择性必修第二册

B Grammar activity Unit 3：Creativity 上教版 选必二 1 Objectives Objectives Use the verb-ing form as the subiect, oblect or predicative correctlv in the given context 2 The verb-ing form as the subject, object or predicative The verb-ing form can be used as the subject, object or predicative of a sentence. (1) Seeing is believing. (2) Many people avoided driving in the rush hour. 3 Reading Read the passage. Match sentences 1-6 to grammar rules a-c on page 49. 4 动名词 定义： 动名词是非谓语动词的一种形式，由动词原形+ing构成。它既有动词的特征，又有名词的特征，故称动名词。 二、动名词的形式和意义 一般式 doing being done 其表示的动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生，或基本上同时发生 完成式 having done having been done 其表示的动作先于句中谓语动词的动作发生 5 动名词和现在分词的区别 动名词表达的动作意义不如现在分词强，因为动名词已经将动作名词化了，它不再强调动作本身了，它已把某个动作视为某种活动或是某件事情了。 比如说，动名词常在句中作主语、直接宾语；我们都知道，在句中作主语、直接宾语的词只有是名词、代词，因此从某种意义上说，动名词就相当于名词、代词了。 如： Climbing up the mountain will make you exhausted. Stop talking please. 6 动名词作主语 1）作主语的动名词结构复杂且长时，可用it 作形式主语。 常用句型有： It's no use/ good doing sth. It's foolish / interesting/a waste of time / energy / money doing sth. 2）不定式作主语与动名词作主语的不同：前者作主语时，常表示某一次具体的动作，而后者常表示经常性或习惯性的动作。 Would you like to play football this afternoon? The students like playing football. 注意： 单个动名词或动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用单数。 动名词的否定式常把not 放在动名词的前面。 7 动名词作宾语 1）有些动词只能接动名词作宾语， 如：appreciate, mind, enjoy, finish, escape, miss, consider, practise, imagine, keep, suggest, advise, allow, admit, permit, delay, forbid, can't help doing 等。 注意：动名词的完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 She regretted not having studied the computer hard. Do you remember having promised me that? 2）动名词作介词的宾语，如：what about, how about, without, with 等介词后接动名词。 注意 on/upon doing sth相当于as soon as 引导的从句，作此意讲时on/upon 后也可以接名词，如on his arrival。 8 动名词作宾语 注意： 动词短语和句型put off, give up, have trouble/difficulty/a hard time (in) doing sth., be busy doing sth., spend some time/money doing sth., be fond of, be worth, feel like, There is no use (in) doing sth., There is no point (in) doing sth. 等后面要接动名词。 to 作介词的短语：get used to, be used to, get down to, stick to, look forward to, pay