虚拟语气(1)课件-2023届高三英语二轮复习

英语动词语气总结 陈述语气 祈使语气 虚拟语气 虚拟语气 定义:说话者用来表示假设，或难以实现的情况，而非客观存在的事实，所陈述的是一个条件，不一定是事实，甚至完全与事实相反。此外如需表达主观愿望或某种强烈的感情时，也可用虚拟语气 总结：1·与事实相反的假设 2·表达愿望，请求，建议，命令，等 虚 拟 语 气 表“不可能”假设 与现在相反 与将来相反（可能性小） 与过去相反 对现在的相反 表示与现在事实相反的情况,条件从句的谓语动词用过去式,主句谓语动词用“would/should/ could/might+动词原形”。 ·If I had enough money, I would buy myself a computer first of all. 如果我有足够的钱,我首先要为自己买一台电脑。 ·If I were ten years younger, I would start all over again. 如果我再年轻十岁,我会从头开始的。 表示与过去事实相反的情况，条件从句中谓语动词用had done（过去完成时）,主句谓语动词用 should/would/could/might have done 对过去的相反 ·If we had had enough rain last year, we could have gained a good harvest. 如果去年雨水充足的话，我们可能会有一个好收成的。 ·If you had worked hard, you would have easily passed the final examination 如果你当时努力学习的话，就会轻松通过期末考试的。 表示与将来事实相反的情况,条件从句中谓语动词可用过去式、should+动词形”或“were to+动词原形”，主句谓语动词用“would/should/could/might+动词原形”。 对将来的相反 · If I saw/should see/were to see him tomorrow, I would invite him home. 如果明天见到他,我会邀请他到我家。 · If it were/should be fine tomorrow, I would go on a trip. 如果明天天气好的话,我就去旅游。 if引导的条件状语从句的虚拟语气的其他用法 (1)省略连词if。 在书面语中，如果虚拟条件从句中有were，had 或should，可以把if省略，把这几个词放到主语之前，构成主谓倒装。 • Should he come (lf he should come), tell him to ring me up 他要是来了，让他给我打个电话 •Were l you (lfI were you), I would not do it. 我要是你，就不做这事。 1.If l____ where he lived , I____ a note to him. A. knew , would B. had known , would have sent C . know ,would send D. knew, would have sent 2.Ididn’t know his telephone number.it_____,l_____then. A.Had I known, would ring him up B. Should I know, would have rung him up C.lf l knew; would ring him up D.Had I known; would have rung him up 3. Mary is ill today. If she_____, she_____ absent from school. A. were not ill; wouldn't be B.had been ill; wouldn't have been C.had been ill; should have been D. hadn't been ill; could be 4. Were I to do it,I_________ it some other way. A.will do B.would do C. would have done D. were to