专题一 第4讲 主旨大意题（课件）-【正禾一本通】2023高考英语高三二轮专题复习高效讲义（老高考）

2023版·英语（老高考） 第4讲 主旨大意题 专题一　阅读理解 主旨大意题是阅读理解中考生失分最多的题目，因为该类试题不仅考查考生略读文章、领会大意的能力，也对考生的归纳、概括能力提出了较高的要求。文章中没有明显的解题依据，需要考生从文章中提炼、抽取一些关键词、主干句进行加工概括，才能归纳出文章的主旨。所以，遇到主旨大意题时切勿草率作答，一定要读完读通文章后再做判断，建议考生把此类题放到最后来做。此类题目可分为三大类，即文章标题题、段落大意题和文章大意题。 文章标题题要求考生在理解文章的基础上，结合文章的体裁和结构，从所给选项中选出适合文章的最佳标题。 1．常见设问方式 (1)Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? (2)What is the best title for this passage? 2．解题技法指导 (1)运用4大技巧解题 (2)利用3大特点解题 [示例](2022·全国甲卷阅读B)Goffin's cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape­recognition abilities to a human two­year­old.Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage.In a recent experiment, cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it.The clear front of the box had a “keyhole” in a geometric shape, and the birds were given five differently shaped“keys”to choose from.Inserting the correct “key” would let out the nut. In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical (对称的) shapes.This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an“allocentric frame of reference”．In the experiment, Goffin's cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition alone.Where trial­and­error was used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests.This indicates that Goffin's cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space, similar to two­year­old babies. The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues (线索), or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections. 27．Which can be a suitable title for the text? A．Cockatoos: Quick Error Checkers B．Cockatoos: Independent Learners C．Cockatoos: Cle