02 Unit 2 Morals and Virtues 语法篇-2022-2023学年高一英语单元复习过过过(人教版2019必修第三册)

Unit 2 Morals and Virtues- Discovering Useful Structures ( 动词-ing形式作宾补和状语 ) 一、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语 1、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。 When we returned, we found a stranger (stand) in front of the house. 2、能用-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词: 1) 表示感觉和心理状态的感官动词，（常见的有see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to + sb.+ doing sth.（doing作宾补） 2) 表示指使意义的动词使役动词，（常见的有have, set, keep, get, catch, leave +sb./ sth. + doing sth. (doing作宾补）使某人做某事 3、see, hear, feel, watch等动词之后用-ing形式和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别： We heard the telephone ringing. We heard the telephone ring. 前者表示动作正在进行，后者表示（或强调）动作的全过程。 二、动词-ing形式作状语 动词的-ing形式可以作状语，修饰动词，在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随情况等。-ing形式作时间、原因、条件、让步状语时多位于句首；作结果、伴随情况状语时常位于句末。 1．表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句。 Having made full preparations, we are ready for the examination. 我们已经作好了充分准备，现在可以应考了。（= After we have made full preparation...） 2．表示原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。 Being ill, he didn't go to school yesterday. 由于生病，他昨天没有上学。（= Since he was ill...） 3．表示结果，相当于一个并列谓语。 She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, breaking it into pieces. 她非常生气，把玩具扔在地上，摔成了碎片。（= ... and broke it into pieces...） 4．表示条件，相当于一个条件状语从句。 Working hard at your lessons, you will succeed. 如果你努力学习，就一定能成功。（= If you work hard at your lessons...） 5．表示让步，相当于一个让步状语从句。 Working hard as he did, he was still unable to earn enough money to buy a car. 他虽然努力地干，但仍然挣不够买车的钱。（= Though he worked hard as he did...） 6．表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明，相当于一个并列结构。 He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. 他躺在草地上，长时间地望着天空。（= ...and stared at the sky for a long time） 注意：非谓语动词作状语时，如提供的动词不能与句子中的主语保持一致，动词-ing形式必须拥有自己的逻辑主语，通常由名词或代词来担任，这就是独立主格结构。 例如：Weather permitting, the football match will be played on Friday. 天气允许的话，足球赛将在周五举行。（permitting 的逻辑主语是weather，而不是the football match ( 强化演练 ) 【单句语法填空】 1. (know) that you are interested in Peking Opera, I’m writing to invite you to watch it with me. 2. On our way home, we noticed him (carry) a b