Unit1 B Grammar activity （课件）英语沪教版2020选择性必修第二册

B Grammar activity Unit 1 ：Decisions 上教版 选必二 1 Objectives Objectives Use the to-infinitive as the subject or predicative correctly in the given context 2 The to-infinitive as the subject or predicative The to-infinitive can be used as the subject or predicative of a sentence. (1) To drive this car is easy. = It is easy to drive this car. (2) The most important thing is to relax. 3 Reading Read the passage. Match sentences 1-7 to grammar rules a-d on page 13 and complete the rules in c and d. 4 动词不定式的特征和种类 动词不定式是由不定式符号to+动词原形构成，在某些情况下to也可省略。 （一）不定式的一般式 He appears to be very happy. 他看起来好像很高兴。（同时发生） （二）不定式的进行式 It happened to be raining when I got there. 我到达那里的时候，天碰巧在下雨。 （三）不定式的完成式 I'm sorry to have lost your key. 我很抱歉把你的钥匙弄丢了。 （四）不定式的完成进行式 He was said to have been living in London for twenty years. 据说他在伦敦一直住了20年。 【比较】不定式的时态意义： He is said to be studying abroad. 据说他正在国外读书。（不定式的进行式表示动作正在进行） He is said to have studied abroad. 据说他在国外学习过。（不定式的完成式表示动作已经结束） 5 动词不定式的特征和种类 五）不定式的被动形式 1、一般式to be done These are the books to be given out to the students.这些是要发给学生的书。 2、完成式to have been done The novel is said to have been translated into many languages. 据说这部小说已被译成多种语言。 （六）不定式的否定形式 不定式的否定形式由not或never加不定式构成。 We decided not to go out because of the bad weather. 由于天气不好，我们决定不出去。 【注意】谓语动词的否定和不定式的否定不同的意义： I did not promise to wake him up.我没有答应叫醒他。 I promised not to wake him up.我答应了不叫醒他。 6 动词不定式作主语 不定式具有名词的特征，可在句子中充当主语。 1、不定式短语在句首作主语 To know oneself is difficult.人贵有自知之明。 2、用it作形式主语 It's rude to turn your back to your teacher and refuse to answer. 背对着老师，拒绝回答问题是不礼貌的。 【注意】当主语和表语都是不定式时，不能用形式主语代替动词不定式。 To respect others is to be respected. 尊重别人就是尊重自己。 7 动词不定式作表语 不定式作表语可以说明主语的具体内容或表示目的。 His wish is to become an astronaut. 他的愿望是成为一名宇航员。 【注意】有些作表语的不定式，在结构上是主动的，但在意义上却是被动的。 She is to blame. 她应该受到责备。 8 Rewrite the sentences using the to-infinitive and the words in brackets.. goal) new patents. (1) I want to be a teacher in the Confucius Institute. That is my dream. It__